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O emprego do Exército Brasileiro no combate às novas ameaças, com ênfase na luta contra o tráfico de drogas
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| 1.61 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os militares de hoje em dia consideram como tarefas prioritárias de suas forças armadas
a defesa do território, a ajuda humanitária e a participação em missões de paz. Não obstante,
muitos deles já consideram de fundamental importância a luta contra as chamadas novas
ameaças, tais como o terrorismo e o crime organizado, que se materializa, principalmente, no
tráfico de drogas. Entende-se que essas novas ameaças passaram a comprometer a própria
segurança dos Estados. O Brasil, após 1980, deixou de ser apenas um corredor de exportação
e passou a ser, também, um grande consumidor de entorpecentes. Fruto disso, comunidades
carentes, principalmente no Rio de Janeiro, foram dominadas por facções criminosas e os
índices de violência aumentaram. Dentro desse quadro de violência social, desde o Governo
Fernando Henrique Cardoso, o Exército Brasileiro tem sido utilizado em atividades de
segurança pública, para combater, dentro outras ameaças, a questão das drogas. No entanto,
o uso das Forças Armadas em operações dessa natureza gera muita discussão, não só no
Brasil, mas no mundo todo. Assim, vê-se claramente que a problemática do tráfico de drogas
no Brasil é uma fonte abundante para a investigação acadêmica. Nesse sentido, o presente
artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o emprego do Exército Brasileiro no combate às novas
ameaças, com ênfase na luta contra o tráfico de drogas. Os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados
foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise documental. Os resultados coletados indicam que
o emprego do Exército Brasileiro tem sido positivo. O Governo Brasileiro tem procurado
adequar o arcabouço jurídico brasileiro para empregar os militares das Forças Armadas.
Além disso, o Exército Brasileiro tem procurado adequar o treinamento de suas tropas para
a execução de missões do “tipo polícia” e tem procurado intensificar sua presença na faixa
de fronteira, principalmente na região amazônica, palco de muitos crimes transfronteiriços.
The current military consider the defence of the territory, humanitarian aid and participation in peacekeeping missions to be the priority tasks of its armed forces. Nevertheless, many of them consider the fight against so-called new threats such as terrorism and organized crime, mainly reflected in drug trafficking, to be fundamentally important. It is understood that those new threats jeopardize the security of states. After 1980, Brazil was no longer just an export corridor but became a large consumer of narcotics. As a result, poor communities, especially in Rio de Janeiro, were dominated by gangs and the violence rates increased. Within this framework of social violence, and since the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, the Brazilian Army has been used in law enforcement activities to combat the drug issue, among other threats. However, the use of the armed forces in operations of this nature generates a lot of discussion, not only in Brazil but worldwide. Therefore, it is clear that the problem of drug trafficking in Brazil is an abundant source for academic research. In this sense, this article aims to present the use of the Brazilian Army in the fight against new threats, with emphasis on the fight against drug trafficking. The research tools used were a bibliographical survey and documentary analysis. Our results indicate that the use of the Brazilian Army has had positive outcomes. The Brazilian government has sought to adapt the Brazilian legal framework to use armed forces personnel. Furthermore, the Brazilian Army has sought to tailor the training of their troops to carry out ‘police-like’ missions, and have sought tostrengthen their presence in the border region, especially in the Amazon region, the scene of many cross-border crimes.
The current military consider the defence of the territory, humanitarian aid and participation in peacekeeping missions to be the priority tasks of its armed forces. Nevertheless, many of them consider the fight against so-called new threats such as terrorism and organized crime, mainly reflected in drug trafficking, to be fundamentally important. It is understood that those new threats jeopardize the security of states. After 1980, Brazil was no longer just an export corridor but became a large consumer of narcotics. As a result, poor communities, especially in Rio de Janeiro, were dominated by gangs and the violence rates increased. Within this framework of social violence, and since the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, the Brazilian Army has been used in law enforcement activities to combat the drug issue, among other threats. However, the use of the armed forces in operations of this nature generates a lot of discussion, not only in Brazil but worldwide. Therefore, it is clear that the problem of drug trafficking in Brazil is an abundant source for academic research. In this sense, this article aims to present the use of the Brazilian Army in the fight against new threats, with emphasis on the fight against drug trafficking. The research tools used were a bibliographical survey and documentary analysis. Our results indicate that the use of the Brazilian Army has had positive outcomes. The Brazilian government has sought to adapt the Brazilian legal framework to use armed forces personnel. Furthermore, the Brazilian Army has sought to tailor the training of their troops to carry out ‘police-like’ missions, and have sought tostrengthen their presence in the border region, especially in the Amazon region, the scene of many cross-border crimes.
Description
Keywords
Exército Brasileiro Ameaças Tráfico de drogas Brazilian Army Threats Drug trafficking