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Piezocirurgia : evolução e a sua aplicabilidade em medicina dentária
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Abstract(s)
Este trabalho pretende realizar uma revisão bibliográfica cujo tema central irá ser
Piezocirurgia ou cirurgia com recurso a instrumento de corte piezoelétrico, focando-se
na sua evolução e aplicabilidade nos diversos campos da cirurgia de tecidos duros ou
mineralizados, com especial enfoque na Medicina Dentária.
A metodologia utilizada implicou a seleção de artigos escolhidos na base de dados, B-on. Para efetuar a mesma, foram aplicados critérios como: artigos publicados
num espaço temporal compreendido entre 2015 e 2019, artigos publicados em língua
inglesa. Dentro dos artigos obtidos foram ainda escolhidos para a presente monografia
aqueles com maior nível de evidência científica.
Piezocirurgia é uma técnica que se baseia no corte de tecido mineralizado que
resulta da geração de vibrações ultrassónicas ao nível da unidade ou aparelho piezoelétrico. A característica fundamental deste sistema é baixo risco de dano colateral
de tecidos moles adjacentes durante intervenção cirúrgica. Assim sendo, a sua principal
aplicação consiste em cirurgias em que se prevê execução de osteotomias ou
osteoplastias.
Desta forma, é de elevada importância que seja tido em conta este tipo de técnica
cirúrgica em paciente que ao serem submetidos a intervenção cirúrgica em proximidade
com estruturas nobres como nervos e artérias, de modo a preservar a inervação e
vascularização, evitando o comprometimento funcional.
É fundamental ter em conta o correto planeamento e seleção dos pacientes a serem
intervencionados, pois, como qualquer outra técnica, também apresenta limitações.
São inúmeras as aplicações de piezocirurgia na área Buco-Maxilo-Facial, onde se
inclui a Medicina Dentária, nomeadamente, cirurgia temporo-madibular, lateralização do
nervo alveolar inferior, implantologia e cirurgia periodontal. Como vantagens a técnica
apresenta melhor cicatrização dos tecidos, melhor pós-operatório, segurança nos
procedimentos cirúrgicos assim como melhor conforto para paciente.
This work intends to carry out a bibliographic review whose central theme will be Piezosurgery or surgery using a piezoelectric cutting instrument, focusing on its evolution and applicability in the various fields of hard or mineralized tissue surgery, with a special focus on Dentistry. The methodology used involved the selection of articles chosen in the database, B-on. To carry out the same, criteria were applied, such as: articles published in a time span between 2015 and 2019, articles published in English. Among the articles obtained, those with the highest level of scientific evidence were also chosen for this monograph. Piezosurgery is a technique based on cutting mineralized tissue that results from the generation of ultrasonic vibrations at the level of the piezoelectric unit or apparatus. The fundamental feature of this system is a low risk of collateral damage to adjacent soft tissues during surgical intervention. Therefore, its main application consists of surgeries in which the execution of osteotomies or osteoplasty is expected. Thus, it’s of great importance that this type of surgical technique be taken into consideration in a patient who will be submitted to surgical intervention in proximity to soft structures such as nerves and arteries, in order to preserve innervation and vascularization, avoiding functional impairment. It’s essential to take the correct planning and selection of patients to be treated, as, like any other technique, it also has limitations. There are numerous applications of piezosurgery in the Buco-Maxillofacial area, which includes Dentistry, namely, temporo-madibular surgery, lateralization of the lower alveolar nerve, implantology and periodontal surgery. As advantages, the technique presents better tissue healing, better postoperative, safety in surgical procedures as well as better comfort for the patient.
This work intends to carry out a bibliographic review whose central theme will be Piezosurgery or surgery using a piezoelectric cutting instrument, focusing on its evolution and applicability in the various fields of hard or mineralized tissue surgery, with a special focus on Dentistry. The methodology used involved the selection of articles chosen in the database, B-on. To carry out the same, criteria were applied, such as: articles published in a time span between 2015 and 2019, articles published in English. Among the articles obtained, those with the highest level of scientific evidence were also chosen for this monograph. Piezosurgery is a technique based on cutting mineralized tissue that results from the generation of ultrasonic vibrations at the level of the piezoelectric unit or apparatus. The fundamental feature of this system is a low risk of collateral damage to adjacent soft tissues during surgical intervention. Therefore, its main application consists of surgeries in which the execution of osteotomies or osteoplasty is expected. Thus, it’s of great importance that this type of surgical technique be taken into consideration in a patient who will be submitted to surgical intervention in proximity to soft structures such as nerves and arteries, in order to preserve innervation and vascularization, avoiding functional impairment. It’s essential to take the correct planning and selection of patients to be treated, as, like any other technique, it also has limitations. There are numerous applications of piezosurgery in the Buco-Maxillofacial area, which includes Dentistry, namely, temporo-madibular surgery, lateralization of the lower alveolar nerve, implantology and periodontal surgery. As advantages, the technique presents better tissue healing, better postoperative, safety in surgical procedures as well as better comfort for the patient.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Piezocirurgia Ultrassom Cavitação Unidade piezoelétrica