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Segurança marítima e portuária. Estudo sobre a Segurança nas Operações de Descarga de um Navio de Crude
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 2.72 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O sector marítimo e portuário é de grande importância para a economia mundial, quer pelos valores monetários movimentados quer pelos milhões de empregos que gera em todo o mundo. É um sector em que a regulamentação é de extrema importância de forma a regular e permitir que as transações comerciais se efectuem em total segurança. Está à vista de todos que acidentes envolvendo navios em que daí resulte derrame de hidrocarbonetos para o mar, é catastrófico para a economia dos países afectados. No caso concreto em estudo, o Porto de Sines, tem-se como objectivo identificar toda a regulamentação internacional, comunitária e nacional, bem como as boas práticas existentes para o sector, de forma a identificar possíveis não conformidades, analisando também as áreas onde existem apenas conjuntos de normas vagas e pouco objectivas. Este estudo realiza-se durante as operações de descarga de um navio de crude. Através de pesquisa de legislação existente nos vários organismos e entidades que regulam o sector, pesquisa de trabalhos e literatura sobre a matéria em estudo, observação directa da operações e de entrevistas efectuadas aos intervenientes no processo de descarga de um navio, permite-nos assim analisar de uma forma objectiva e directa a aplicação regulamentar. Este estudo permitiu identificar a regulamentação que é aplicada no Porto de Sines, sendo que alguma é implementada na íntegra e outra parcialmente, bem como áreas onde não existe regulamentação específica e que é de extrema importância no contexto de poluições marinhas, bem como boas práticas que não são adoptadas na totalidade, seja por condicionantes físicas do terminal ou desconhecimento dos operadores. No contexto geral os resultados obtidos mostram que existe ainda algum trabalho a realizar, essencialmente, ao nível de formação das pessoas, no que diz respeito às boas práticas que regulam as operações dos navios e do terminal, bem como na aplicação das mesmas no terminal petroleiro. No decorrer das operações de descarga de um navio de crude pode considerar-se que o interface entre o navio e o cais é adequado e as operações ocorrem sem problemas, apesar de várias não conformidades que foi possível constatar, essencialmente ao nível do terminal.
The maritime and port sector is of great importance to the world economy, either for the monetary values involved or for the millions of jobs it generates worldwide. It is a sector where regulation is extremely important in order to guarantee that business transactions are carried out in total safety. It is common knowledge that accidents involving vessels which spill oil into the sea is a catastrophe for the economies of the affected countries. This case study, the Port of Sines, has the objective of identifying all the applicable international, community and national rules, as well as the good practices for this sector, in order to identify possible non-conformities, analyzing all the areas where there are only vague an less objective regulations. This study was carried out during the operations of unloading a crude oil ship. Through the search of the existing regulations in the various agencies and entities that regulate the sector, the search of works and literature on the subject under study, direct observation of operations and interviews to the stakeholders in the process of unloading a ship, we can analyze in an objective and direct way the regulatory enforcement. This study revealed how and which is the regulation applied in the Port of Sines. There are rules fully applied and other rules only partially applied. There are also areas where there is no specific legislation and which is extremely important in the context of sea pollution and some good practices that are not fully applied, either for physical constraints or for lack of knowledge from terminal operators. In the general context, the results obtained show that there is still some work to do, essentially regarding the training of people in what concerns good practices that regulate the vessels and terminal operations as well as the application of those good practices in the oil terminal. During the unloading operations of a crude oil ship, it can be considered that the interface between the ship and the pier operations is good and that there aren't problems, despite various non-conformities, essentially at the level of the terminal.
The maritime and port sector is of great importance to the world economy, either for the monetary values involved or for the millions of jobs it generates worldwide. It is a sector where regulation is extremely important in order to guarantee that business transactions are carried out in total safety. It is common knowledge that accidents involving vessels which spill oil into the sea is a catastrophe for the economies of the affected countries. This case study, the Port of Sines, has the objective of identifying all the applicable international, community and national rules, as well as the good practices for this sector, in order to identify possible non-conformities, analyzing all the areas where there are only vague an less objective regulations. This study was carried out during the operations of unloading a crude oil ship. Through the search of the existing regulations in the various agencies and entities that regulate the sector, the search of works and literature on the subject under study, direct observation of operations and interviews to the stakeholders in the process of unloading a ship, we can analyze in an objective and direct way the regulatory enforcement. This study revealed how and which is the regulation applied in the Port of Sines. There are rules fully applied and other rules only partially applied. There are also areas where there is no specific legislation and which is extremely important in the context of sea pollution and some good practices that are not fully applied, either for physical constraints or for lack of knowledge from terminal operators. In the general context, the results obtained show that there is still some work to do, essentially regarding the training of people in what concerns good practices that regulate the vessels and terminal operations as well as the application of those good practices in the oil terminal. During the unloading operations of a crude oil ship, it can be considered that the interface between the ship and the pier operations is good and that there aren't problems, despite various non-conformities, essentially at the level of the terminal.
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Keywords
Segurança Regulamentação Boas práticas Poluição marinha Formação terminal hidrocarbonetos Safety Regulatory Good practices Sea Pollution Training terminal hydrocarbons