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Publication
Práticas de supervisão no acompanhamento de estudantes de enfermagem durante o período de Pandemia por COVID-19
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A supervisão de estudantes de enfermagem tornou-se preponderante no ensino de
enfermagem. É um processo que se baseia na aprendizagem, de modo a que os estudantes
se desenvolvam e se responsabilizem pelas suas ações, que deve ser encarado numa
perspetiva de corresponsabilização entre todas as pessoas envolvidas. A pandemia pela
COVID-19 trouxe grandes mudanças no sistema educativo, obrigando as instituições a
suspender as suas atividades. Todas as escolas e universidades foram fechadas, adotando
métodos de ensino à distância, via online. O ensino de enfermagem também se viu forçado
a mudar. As instituições no sentido de colmatar as dificuldades sentidas e de cumprir o
programa do curso dentro do calendário letivo, retomaram os ensinos clínicos. Contudo,
houveram alterações quer nos contextos quer no modo como os estudantes foram
acompanhados.
Este estudo tem como objetivos: identificar os sentimentos e dificuldades dos estudantes
de enfermagem no ensino clínico durante a pandemia pela COVID-19, identificar o modelo
de acompanhamento dos estudantes de enfermagem no ensino clínico durante a pandemia
pela COVID-19, identificar o estilo de supervisão adotado pelo supervisor no
acompanhamento dos estudantes de enfermagem em ensino clínico durante a pandemia pela
COVID-19 e, identificar as estratégias de supervisão usadas pelo supervisor no
acompanhamento dos estudantes de enfermagem no ensino clínico durante a pandemia pela
COVID-19. Foi desenvolvido um estudo exploratório inserido num paradigma qualitativo em
que participaram 12 estudantes de enfermagem, utilizando como método de recolha de
dados a entrevista semiestruturada. O tratamento de dados foi realizado através da técnica
de análise de conteúdo.
É percetível que durante a pandemia pela COVID-19 os estudantes experienciaram diversos
sentimentos e dificuldades. Os sentimentos mais evidentes foram a
preocupação/medo/insegurança, a desorientação e o cansaço. As dificuldades mais
relevantes foram a Orientação do Professor/Tutor, o Tempo de presença do professor/Tutor
e a Duração do Ensino Clínico. O modelo de acompanhamento o mais frequente foi o
integrativo unitutor. O estilo de supervisão que predominou foi o facilitador, nomeadamente
do tipo catalítico. Das estratégias usadas pelo supervisor as que mais sobressaíram foram o
questionamento, a discussão de casos, a pesquisa, e o suporte.
Tendo em conta os resultados obtidos, deste estudo sobressai: a importância da figura do
professor no ensino clínico, a utilização de supervisão à distância, a existência de modelos
de supervisão colaborativos pré-definidos e a utilização da entrevista motivacional.
The supervision of nursing students has become the main part in nursing education. It is a process that is based on learning, so that students develop and take co-responsibility for their actions, which should be seen from a perspective of responsibility between all involved people. The COVID-19 pandemic brought big changes into the educational system, forcing the institutions to suspend all their activities. All the schools and universities closed, they adopted new learning methods, like online school. Nursing education was also forced to change. In order to overcome the difficulties felt and to fulfil the course program within the academic calendar, the institutions resumed clinical teaching. However, there were changes both in contents and in the way in where students were followed. This study´s goal is to: identify the feelings and difficulties of nursing students in clinical education during the COVID-19 pandemic, identify the model for monitoring nursing students in clinical education during the COVID-19, identify the style of supervision adopted by the supervisor in monitoring nursing students in clinical education during the pandemic by COVID-19 and identifying the supervision strategies used by the teachers in monitoring nursing students in clinical education during the COVID-19. A study was developed within a qualitative paradigm in which 12 nursing students participated, using the semi structured interview as a method of data collection. Data treatment was performed using the content analysis technique. It is noticeable that during the COVID-19, students faced different feelings and difficulties. The feelings that were most evident were worry/fear/insecurity, disorientation and tiredness. The most relevant difficulties were the orientation of the teacher/tutor, the time of the teacher/tutor and the duration of clinical teaching. The most frequent follow-up model was the integrative unitutor. The predominant style of supervision was the facilitator, namely of the catalytic type. Of the strategies used by the supervisor, the ones that most stood out were questioning, case discussion, research, and support. Taking into account the results obtained, what we learned from this study is: the importance of the teacher in clinical education, the use of distance supervision, the existence of collaborative supervision models and the use of motivational interviewing.
The supervision of nursing students has become the main part in nursing education. It is a process that is based on learning, so that students develop and take co-responsibility for their actions, which should be seen from a perspective of responsibility between all involved people. The COVID-19 pandemic brought big changes into the educational system, forcing the institutions to suspend all their activities. All the schools and universities closed, they adopted new learning methods, like online school. Nursing education was also forced to change. In order to overcome the difficulties felt and to fulfil the course program within the academic calendar, the institutions resumed clinical teaching. However, there were changes both in contents and in the way in where students were followed. This study´s goal is to: identify the feelings and difficulties of nursing students in clinical education during the COVID-19 pandemic, identify the model for monitoring nursing students in clinical education during the COVID-19, identify the style of supervision adopted by the supervisor in monitoring nursing students in clinical education during the pandemic by COVID-19 and identifying the supervision strategies used by the teachers in monitoring nursing students in clinical education during the COVID-19. A study was developed within a qualitative paradigm in which 12 nursing students participated, using the semi structured interview as a method of data collection. Data treatment was performed using the content analysis technique. It is noticeable that during the COVID-19, students faced different feelings and difficulties. The feelings that were most evident were worry/fear/insecurity, disorientation and tiredness. The most relevant difficulties were the orientation of the teacher/tutor, the time of the teacher/tutor and the duration of clinical teaching. The most frequent follow-up model was the integrative unitutor. The predominant style of supervision was the facilitator, namely of the catalytic type. Of the strategies used by the supervisor, the ones that most stood out were questioning, case discussion, research, and support. Taking into account the results obtained, what we learned from this study is: the importance of the teacher in clinical education, the use of distance supervision, the existence of collaborative supervision models and the use of motivational interviewing.
Description
Keywords
Estudantes de Enfermagem Supervisão de Enfermagem COVID-19 Pandemia