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Supervisão clínica em enfermagem: uma análise exploratória no contexto de uma UCI Neurocríticos
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Abstract(s)
A Supervisão Clínica em Enfermagem (SCE) é ainda uma área de desenvolvimento em Portugal.
Associada à qualidade dos cuidados e ao desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional dos enfermeiros,
a SCE encontra-se também associada a processos de gestão da qualidade das instituições de
saúde. O ponto de partida do estudo agora apresentado baseia-se no reconhecimento da SCE
como processo formal e estruturado de suporte profissional. O estudo de natureza qualitativa
realizado teve como questão de partida “Em que medida, na perspetiva dos enfermeiros, a Supervisão
Clínica em Enfermagem pode suscitar ganhos para a qualidade e segurança das práticas
clínicas dos enfermeiros da Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neurocríticos (UCIN)?”. Como
objetivos estabeleceram-se: analisar a opinião dos enfermeiros sobre a importância da SCE no
contexto da UCIN; identificar as funções e estratégias da SCE que os enfermeiros da UCIN valorizam
para a melhoria dos cuidados prestados e aumento da segurança dos doentes; indicar
estratégias para a implementação de uma estrutura local de SCE. Da análise efetuada concluiuse
que os entrevistados associam a SCE à dimensão da qualidade e segurança dos cuidados, mas
também ao facto de corresponder a um processo formal. Foi verificada alguma ambiguidade na
distinção entre SCE e supervisão de estudantes. Salienta-se ainda a relação que emerge entre
a SCE e os ganhos na prática clínica. Das funções da SCE adotadas no modelo de Proctor, os
entrevistados consideraram a função formativa a mais importante no momento atual da UCIN.
As estratégias de SCE e as características do supervisor identificadas possibilitaram também
uma maior perceção dos conhecimentos dos entrevistados nesta área específica. As referências
à estrutura e organização das sessões e às características destas permitiram a identificação de
como se deve estruturar a SCE. De acordo com os dados recolhidos relativamente à organização,
estrutura e benefícios que advêm da aplicação prática da SCE, foi possível elaborar uma
estrutura para aplicação local da SCE.
Clinical Supervision in Nursing (CSN) is still a developing area in Portugal. Associated with quality of care and personal and professional development of nurses, CSN is also associated with the processes of the quality management of health institutions. The starting point of this study is based on the recognition of CSN as structured and formal process of professional support. This is in essence a qualitative study and was conducted as a starting question: “To what extent, in the perspective of nurses, the Nursing Clinical Supervision may be beneficial for the quality and safety of nurses’ clinical practice in the neurocritical intensive care unit (NICU)?”. In this regard, one has established as study objectives: to analyze nurses’ opinion on the importance of CSN in the context of NICU; identify the functions of the CSN that the NICU nurses consider important to the improvement of care and the increase of patient safety; identify strategies that maximize gains for clinical practice of nurses in NICU and that are capable of incorporating a local structure of CSN; identify strategies for implementing a local structure of CSN. Content analysis concludes that respondents associate CSN not only to the improvement of the quality and care safety, but also to the fact that it matches a formal process that has been suffering changes regarding its conceptual perception. It was found some ambiguity in the distinction between CSN and supervision of students. Note also the relationship that emerges between CSN and gains in clinical practice. Among the recognized functions of CSN adopted by Proctor, the formative function was considered the most important at the present moment of NICU. The CSN strategies and the identified characteristics of the supervisor enable a greater perception of respondents’ knowledge in this specific area. The references to the structure and the organization of sessions and their characteristics allow identification of how to structure the CSN. Thus, after the identification of the data provided by respondents regarding the organization, structure and benefits that may arise from practical application of CSN, it is considered that the local structure of CSN proposed in this study may contribute to improving patient care and safety in the practice of the NICU nurses.
Clinical Supervision in Nursing (CSN) is still a developing area in Portugal. Associated with quality of care and personal and professional development of nurses, CSN is also associated with the processes of the quality management of health institutions. The starting point of this study is based on the recognition of CSN as structured and formal process of professional support. This is in essence a qualitative study and was conducted as a starting question: “To what extent, in the perspective of nurses, the Nursing Clinical Supervision may be beneficial for the quality and safety of nurses’ clinical practice in the neurocritical intensive care unit (NICU)?”. In this regard, one has established as study objectives: to analyze nurses’ opinion on the importance of CSN in the context of NICU; identify the functions of the CSN that the NICU nurses consider important to the improvement of care and the increase of patient safety; identify strategies that maximize gains for clinical practice of nurses in NICU and that are capable of incorporating a local structure of CSN; identify strategies for implementing a local structure of CSN. Content analysis concludes that respondents associate CSN not only to the improvement of the quality and care safety, but also to the fact that it matches a formal process that has been suffering changes regarding its conceptual perception. It was found some ambiguity in the distinction between CSN and supervision of students. Note also the relationship that emerges between CSN and gains in clinical practice. Among the recognized functions of CSN adopted by Proctor, the formative function was considered the most important at the present moment of NICU. The CSN strategies and the identified characteristics of the supervisor enable a greater perception of respondents’ knowledge in this specific area. The references to the structure and the organization of sessions and their characteristics allow identification of how to structure the CSN. Thus, after the identification of the data provided by respondents regarding the organization, structure and benefits that may arise from practical application of CSN, it is considered that the local structure of CSN proposed in this study may contribute to improving patient care and safety in the practice of the NICU nurses.
Description
Keywords
Supervisão clínica em Enfermagem Neurocríticos
Citation
Publisher
Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto