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Necessidades, barreiras e facilitadores na adesão à fisioterapia na paralisia cerebral: o que dizem os cuidadores informais?
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A paralisia cerebral (PC) é a causa mais comum de comprometimento motor
na infância e a Fisioterapia tem um papel fulcral na reabilitação destas crianças. Os
cuidadores são atores centrais para garantir a adesão e continuidade da intervenção em casa,
no entanto, apenas conseguem seguir parcialmente as recomendações. Uma melhor
compreensão das suas perspetivas acerca desta temática irá contribuir para o reforço de
competências dos próprios e para a melhoria do suporte prestado por parte dos
fisioterapeutas.
Objetivos: O presente estudo analisou a perspetiva de cuidadores informais de crianças com
PC acerca das suas necessidades face à adesão à intervenção da Fisioterapia. Paralelamente,
permitiu explorar as principais barreiras e facilitadores por eles sentidas neste domínio.
Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, do tipo análise temática, com amostragem
não-probabilística, por conveniência e em bola de neve. Foram realizadas 16 entrevistas
semiestruturadas, em formato online, a cuidadores informais de crianças com PC entre os 2
e os 11 anos. Recolheram-se ainda dados de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica
através de um questionário.
Resultados: Verificou-se que 37,5% dos cuidadores consideraram “relativamente fácil” a
adesão à intervenção. Da análise temática emergiram seis temas principais, onde se destacam
a necessidade de reconhecer ganhos para o desenvolvimento global da criança, a natureza
do acompanhamento terapêutico, as características dos próprios, mas também da criança, a
importância da educação e capacitação dos cuidadores, mas também o impacto de fatores
contextuais e de suporte.
Conclusões: Este estudo indica que os cuidadores valorizam a adesão à intervenção e a sua
continuidade em casa, porém, são vários os fatores que influenciam a sua implementação. O
conhecimento sobre estes fatores, enquanto barreiras ou facilitadores da adesão, vai permitir
informar a prática clínica e facilitar mudanças alinhadas com as necessidades da família e
da criança, maximizando assim o seu envolvimento na intervenção.
Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood and physiotherapy plays a key role in the rehabilitation of these children. Caregivers are central actors to ensure adherence and continuity of the intervention at home, however, they can only partially follow the recommendations. A better understanding of their perspectives on this topic will contribute to strengthening their own skills and improving the support provided by physiotherapists. Objectives: The present study analyzed the perspective of informal caregivers of children with CP about their needs regarding adherence to Physiotherapy intervention. At the same time, it allowed to explore the main barriers and facilitators felt by them in this domain. Methodology: A qualitative study was carried out, using a thematic analysis, with a non probabilistic, convenience, and snowball sampling. It involved 16 semi-structured interviews, in an online format, with informal caregivers of children with CP between 2 and 11 years old. Sociodemographic and clinical data were also collected through a questionnaire. Results: It was found that 37.5% of caregivers consider “relatively easy” to adhere to the intervention. From the thematic analysis, six main themes emerged, highlighting the need to recognize gains for the child's global development, the nature of therapeutic support, the characteristics of themselves, but also of the child, the importance of education and training of caregivers, but also the impact of contextual and supporting factors. Conclusion: This study indicates that caregivers value adherence to the intervention and its continuity at home, however, there are several factors that influence its implementation. The knowledge about these factors, such as barriers or facilitators to adherence, will allow to assist clinical practice and facilitate changes according to the family's needs, maximizing their involvement in the intervention.
Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood and physiotherapy plays a key role in the rehabilitation of these children. Caregivers are central actors to ensure adherence and continuity of the intervention at home, however, they can only partially follow the recommendations. A better understanding of their perspectives on this topic will contribute to strengthening their own skills and improving the support provided by physiotherapists. Objectives: The present study analyzed the perspective of informal caregivers of children with CP about their needs regarding adherence to Physiotherapy intervention. At the same time, it allowed to explore the main barriers and facilitators felt by them in this domain. Methodology: A qualitative study was carried out, using a thematic analysis, with a non probabilistic, convenience, and snowball sampling. It involved 16 semi-structured interviews, in an online format, with informal caregivers of children with CP between 2 and 11 years old. Sociodemographic and clinical data were also collected through a questionnaire. Results: It was found that 37.5% of caregivers consider “relatively easy” to adhere to the intervention. From the thematic analysis, six main themes emerged, highlighting the need to recognize gains for the child's global development, the nature of therapeutic support, the characteristics of themselves, but also of the child, the importance of education and training of caregivers, but also the impact of contextual and supporting factors. Conclusion: This study indicates that caregivers value adherence to the intervention and its continuity at home, however, there are several factors that influence its implementation. The knowledge about these factors, such as barriers or facilitators to adherence, will allow to assist clinical practice and facilitate changes according to the family's needs, maximizing their involvement in the intervention.
Description
Keywords
Paralisia cerebral Cuidadores informais Necessidades Facilitadores e barreiras Adesão à fisioterapia. Cerebral palsy Informal caregivers Needs Barriers and facilitators Adherence to physiotherapy