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Associação entre fatores de risco físicos, psicossociais e organizacionais e condições músculo-esqueléticas relacionadas com o trabalho em trabalhadores do sector administrativo e técnicos superiores: um estudo transversal
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: As Condições Músculo-Esqueléticas Relacionadas com o
Trabalho (CMERT) são o principal problema de saúde ocupacional a nível da
União Europeia (UE) com elevado impacto nos trabalhadores, empresas e
sociedade. Objectivos: Determinar a prevalência de CME nos trabalhadores
administrativos da Câmara Municipal de Setúbal (CMS), caracterizar os fatores
de risco relacionados com o trabalho (físicos, organizacionais e psicossociais) e
fatores sociodemográficos e individuais, e examinar a sua relação a presença de
CMERTs. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, transversal, com
165 trabalhadores que completaram um questionário desenvolvido para o efeito.
Previamente à sua utilização na amostra em estudo o questionário foi submetido
a validação facial e de conteúdo por um grupo de peritos e a um estudo piloto.
Os dados recolhidos relativos às características da amostra e dos fatores de
risco foram analisados com recurso a estatística descritiva. A associação
independente dos fatores de risco com a presença de CMERTs foi avaliada
através da regressão logística. Resultados: A prevalência de CMERT nos
últimos 7dias foi de 56,4%, sendo a região lombar a mais referida (43,6%),
seguida da região cervical e membros superiores (40,6%). Os resultados da
análise multivariada mostram que a presença de sintomas CMERT nos últimos
7 dias, em pelo menos uma região anatómica, (versus não presença) é 5 vezes
superior nos trabalhadores expostos a “posições dolorosas ou fatigantes” (OR =
5,04; 95% CI 1,93 – 13,11; p=<0,001), e a “movimentos repetidos da mão ou
braço” (OR = 5,03; 95% CI 1,82 – 13,89; p=0,002), 2,6 vezes superior nos
trabalhadores que reportaram “fadiga emocional relacionada com o trabalho”
(OR = 2,55; 95% CI 1,01 – 6,44; p=0,047), e 2,7 vezes superior nos participantes
que referiram “hábitos tabágicos” (OR = 2,66; 95% CI 1,20 – 5,92; p=0,016). Conclusões: Foi encontrada uma prevalência elevada de sintomas MERT, principalmente nas regiões lombar, cervical e membros superiores. Hábitos tabágicos, posições dolorosas ou fatigantes, movimentos repetidos da mão e
fadiga emocional relacionada com o trabalho, foram identificados como fatores
de risco para a presença de queixas MERT nos trabalhadores administrativos da
CMS. Uma abordagem com o objetivo de promover a saúde ME em contexto
ocupacional, basada nas necessidades da amostra, assim como a prevenção da
exposição aos fatores de risco identificados são possíveis implicações deste
estudo. Futuros estudos poderão procurar aprofundar os resultados
encontrados, através de um questionário mais específico para a amostra,
observação dos postos de trabalho e/ou com recurso a grupos focais.
Introduction: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSD) are the main occupational health problem at the European Union (EU) level with a high impact on workers, companies, and society. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of MSD in administrative workers at the Setúbal Municipal Council, characterize work-related risk factors (physical, organizational, and psychosocial) and sociodemographic and individual factors, analyze the relationship of these factors with self-reported MS complaints. Methodology: An observational, cross- sectional study was conducted with 165 workers who completed a questionnaire developed for this purpose. Prior to its use in the study sample, the questionnaire was subjected to facial and content validation by a group of experts and a pilot study. Data collected on sample characteristics and risk factors were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The independent association of risk factors with the presence of WRMSDs was evaluated through logistic regression Results: The prevalence of WRMS complaints in the last 7 days was 56.4%, with the low back region being the most referred to (43.6%), followed by the cervical region and upper limbs (40.6%). The results of the multivariate analysis show that the presence of WRMSDs symptoms in the last 7 days, in at least one anatomical region, (versus non-presence), is 5 times higher in workers exposed to “painful or tiring positions” (OR = 5.035; 95% CI 1.933 - 13.112; p=<0.001), “repeated hand or arm movements” (OR = 5.034; 95% CI 1.824 - 13.894; p=0.002), “work- related emotional fatigue” (OR = 2.551; 95% CI 1.012 - 6.435; p=0.047), and “smoking habits” (OR = 2.66; 95% CI 1.196 - 5.915; p=0.016). Conclusions: A high prevalence of WRMS symptoms was found, mainly in the lumbar, cervical, and upper limb regions. Smoking habits, painful or tiring positions, repeated hand or arm movements, and work-related emotional fatigue were identified as risk factors for the presence of WRMS complaints in administrative workers at CMS. An approach aimed at promoting MS health in an occupational context, based on the needs of the sample, as well as the prevention of exposure to identified risk factors, are possible implications of this study. Future studies may seek to deepen the results found through a more specific questionnaire for the sample, observation of workstations, and/or using focus groups.
Introduction: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSD) are the main occupational health problem at the European Union (EU) level with a high impact on workers, companies, and society. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of MSD in administrative workers at the Setúbal Municipal Council, characterize work-related risk factors (physical, organizational, and psychosocial) and sociodemographic and individual factors, analyze the relationship of these factors with self-reported MS complaints. Methodology: An observational, cross- sectional study was conducted with 165 workers who completed a questionnaire developed for this purpose. Prior to its use in the study sample, the questionnaire was subjected to facial and content validation by a group of experts and a pilot study. Data collected on sample characteristics and risk factors were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The independent association of risk factors with the presence of WRMSDs was evaluated through logistic regression Results: The prevalence of WRMS complaints in the last 7 days was 56.4%, with the low back region being the most referred to (43.6%), followed by the cervical region and upper limbs (40.6%). The results of the multivariate analysis show that the presence of WRMSDs symptoms in the last 7 days, in at least one anatomical region, (versus non-presence), is 5 times higher in workers exposed to “painful or tiring positions” (OR = 5.035; 95% CI 1.933 - 13.112; p=<0.001), “repeated hand or arm movements” (OR = 5.034; 95% CI 1.824 - 13.894; p=0.002), “work- related emotional fatigue” (OR = 2.551; 95% CI 1.012 - 6.435; p=0.047), and “smoking habits” (OR = 2.66; 95% CI 1.196 - 5.915; p=0.016). Conclusions: A high prevalence of WRMS symptoms was found, mainly in the lumbar, cervical, and upper limb regions. Smoking habits, painful or tiring positions, repeated hand or arm movements, and work-related emotional fatigue were identified as risk factors for the presence of WRMS complaints in administrative workers at CMS. An approach aimed at promoting MS health in an occupational context, based on the needs of the sample, as well as the prevention of exposure to identified risk factors, are possible implications of this study. Future studies may seek to deepen the results found through a more specific questionnaire for the sample, observation of workstations, and/or using focus groups.
Description
Keywords
Condições Músculo-Esqueléticas Relacionadas com o Trabalho Fatores de risco Prevalência Trabalhadores técnico-administrativos Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Risk Factors Prevalence Administrative Workers