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Estudo exploratório sobre a atual situação do desenvolvimento do Turismo em Angola
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| 14.2 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo consiste numa investigação de caráter científico que
embarca por uma descoberta da situação mais atualizada do estado
do desenvolvimento do turismo em Angola. Com uma
investigação mais aprofundada pelo campo científico foi possível
nomear alguns dos grandes benefícios do turismo para um
determinado país, precisamente para um país como Angola que,
estando na sua fase de desenvolvimento, existirem ferramentas
como o turismo acrescem valor para o país em vários aspetos no
âmbito social e económico. Com base neste principio, os
principais objetivos deste estudo foram: identificar o tipo de oferta
turística em Angola, identificar o potencial de atração turística de
Angola, conhecer as medidas estratégicas implementadas pelo
Governo para contribuir para o nível de atratividade do turismo,
identificar as fragilidades e limitações existentes para o bom
desempenho do turismo no país, e avaliar a estratégia do Governo
para utilização do turismo como ferramenta de diversificação da
economia no país. A realização deste estudo, apoiou-se em três
tipos de investigações científicas. A componente prática consistiu
em entrevistar operadores turísticos e as entidades governamentais
responsáveis pela condução, fiscalização, avaliação, execução e o
controle do turismo no país. Um total de dez entrevistas foram
contabilizadas, estas por sua vez foram analisadas com base nos
critérios de codificação definidos mediante o software de análise
de dados qualitativos ATLAS.ti. Mediante a análise de dados,
sentiu-se a necessidade de codificar os conteúdos abordados
durante as entrevistas enquadrando-os nos seguintes grupos: tipo
de oferta turística, potencial turístico, benefício do turismo
(diversificação da economia e desenvolvimento do país), medidas
(aplicadas e não aplicadas), estratégias (aplicadas e não aplicadas),
fragilidades (a nível ambiental, social, económico e político) e
limitações (a nível ambiental, social, económico e político). Com
este estudo foi possível compreender que o deserto, os parques,
resorts, as cachoeiras, as praias, as paisagens naturais, a história e
a cultura, dizem respeito aos principais tipos de oferta existente no
país. Na mesma ótica, foram indicadas estas ofertas aos seguintes
grupos de potencial turístico: ecoturismo, turismo ativo, turismo
cultural, turismo de natureza, turismo de negócio e o turismo de
aventura. Os resultados das entrevistas contribuíram para uma
maior compreensão das diferentes perspetivas existentes entre
quem atua no ramo turístico, e quem é responsável pelo
planeamento e regularização do mesmo. Apesar de todas as
evidências levantadas relativamente à importância do turismo para
o próprio desenvolvimento de um país, Angola ainda não se
encontra devidamente pronta para fornecer um serviço de turismo
adequado para que se possa fazer sentir estes benefícios. Esta
conclusão é sinónimo de que existe ainda muito trabalho a ser feito
para essa transformação e para que os benefícios socioeconómicos diretamente vinculados às debilidades nos principais pilares do
país: a sociedade, a economia e a política. Dentro destes pilares
foram identificadas muitas limitações e fragilidades que atuam
como elementos impeditivos para a boa performance do turismo.
Com isto, estas limitações e fragilidades, conduziram-nos às
principais problemáticas que são: a falta de comprometimento do
Governo com o turismo, a falta de infraestruturas, as debilidades
no saneamento básico e nos serviços essenciais, e a instabilidade
política e socioeconómica. Várias medidas e estratégias foram
identificadas, mas muito poucas se encontram em curso para o
bom desempenho do turismo no país. Pode-se afirmar que, com
este estudo, será mais simples compreender a real situação do
desenvolvimento do turismo em Angola e assim, obter bases sobre
algumas das ações que podem ser tomadas e que, possivelmente,
irão contribuir para a evolução deste quadro de uma forma mais
dinâmica. Por outro lado, foi possível obter uma visão
ligeiramente mais detalhada sobre a importância do envolvimento
contínuo das entidades governamentais com o turismo. Por fim,
este estudo também serviu para espelhar a real situação do turismo
no país até ao ano de 2023.
discover the most up-to-date situation regarding the state of tourism development in Angola. With a more in-depth investigation of the scientific field, it was possible to name some of the great benefits of tourism for a given country, precisely for a country like Angola which, being in its development phase, having tools like tourism adds value to the country in various aspects in the social and economic spheres. Based on this principle, the main objectives of this study were: to identify the type of tourism on offer in Angola, to identify Angola's potential for attracting tourists, to find out about the strategic measures implemented by the government to contribute to the level of attractiveness of tourism, to identify the weaknesses and limitations that exist for tourism to perform well in the country, and to assess the government's strategy for using tourism as a tool for diversifying the country's economy. This study was based on three types of scientific research. The practical component consisted of interviewing tour operators and the government entities responsible for conducting, supervising, evaluating, executing, and controlling tourism in the country. A total of ten interviews were recorded, which were then analyzed based on the coding criteria defined using the ATLAS.ti qualitative data analysis software. When analyzing the data, the discussed contents during the interviews was codified into the following groups: type of tourism offer, tourism potential, benefits of tourism (diversification of the economy and development of the country), measures (applied and not applied), strategies (applied and not applied), weaknesses (environmental, social, economic, and political) and limitations (environmental, social, economic, and political). This study made it possible to understand that the desert, parks, resorts, waterfalls, beaches, natural landscapes, history, and culture are the main types of offers in the country. In the same vein, the following groups of tourism potential were identified: ecotourism, active tourism, cultural tourism, nature tourism, business tourism and adventure tourism. The results of the interviews contributed to a greater understanding of the different perspectives that exist between those who work in the tourism industry and those who are responsible for planning and regulating it. Despite all the evidence gathered about the importance of tourism for a country's own development, Angola is not yet ready to provide an adequate tourism service so that these benefits can be felt. This conclusion means that there is still a lot of work to be done for this transformation and for the socio-economic benefits of tourism to be felt. The main reasons are directly linked to weaknesses in the country's main pillars: society, the economy, and politics. Within these pillars, many limitations and weaknesses have been identified that act as impediments to the good performance of tourism. These limitations and weaknesses led us to the main problems, which are: the government's lack of commitment to tourism, the lack of infrastructure, weaknesses in basic sanitation and essential services, and political and socioeconomic instability. Various measures and strategies have been identified, but very few are underway to ensure the good performance of tourism in the country. It can be said that, with this study, it will be easier to understand the real situation of tourism development in Angola and thus obtain a basis for some of the actions that can be taken and that will possibly contribute to the evolution of this framework in a more dynamic way. On the other hand, it was possible to get a slightly more detailed view of the importance of the government's continued involvement in tourism. Finally, this study also served to reflect the real situation of tourism in the country up to the year 2023.
discover the most up-to-date situation regarding the state of tourism development in Angola. With a more in-depth investigation of the scientific field, it was possible to name some of the great benefits of tourism for a given country, precisely for a country like Angola which, being in its development phase, having tools like tourism adds value to the country in various aspects in the social and economic spheres. Based on this principle, the main objectives of this study were: to identify the type of tourism on offer in Angola, to identify Angola's potential for attracting tourists, to find out about the strategic measures implemented by the government to contribute to the level of attractiveness of tourism, to identify the weaknesses and limitations that exist for tourism to perform well in the country, and to assess the government's strategy for using tourism as a tool for diversifying the country's economy. This study was based on three types of scientific research. The practical component consisted of interviewing tour operators and the government entities responsible for conducting, supervising, evaluating, executing, and controlling tourism in the country. A total of ten interviews were recorded, which were then analyzed based on the coding criteria defined using the ATLAS.ti qualitative data analysis software. When analyzing the data, the discussed contents during the interviews was codified into the following groups: type of tourism offer, tourism potential, benefits of tourism (diversification of the economy and development of the country), measures (applied and not applied), strategies (applied and not applied), weaknesses (environmental, social, economic, and political) and limitations (environmental, social, economic, and political). This study made it possible to understand that the desert, parks, resorts, waterfalls, beaches, natural landscapes, history, and culture are the main types of offers in the country. In the same vein, the following groups of tourism potential were identified: ecotourism, active tourism, cultural tourism, nature tourism, business tourism and adventure tourism. The results of the interviews contributed to a greater understanding of the different perspectives that exist between those who work in the tourism industry and those who are responsible for planning and regulating it. Despite all the evidence gathered about the importance of tourism for a country's own development, Angola is not yet ready to provide an adequate tourism service so that these benefits can be felt. This conclusion means that there is still a lot of work to be done for this transformation and for the socio-economic benefits of tourism to be felt. The main reasons are directly linked to weaknesses in the country's main pillars: society, the economy, and politics. Within these pillars, many limitations and weaknesses have been identified that act as impediments to the good performance of tourism. These limitations and weaknesses led us to the main problems, which are: the government's lack of commitment to tourism, the lack of infrastructure, weaknesses in basic sanitation and essential services, and political and socioeconomic instability. Various measures and strategies have been identified, but very few are underway to ensure the good performance of tourism in the country. It can be said that, with this study, it will be easier to understand the real situation of tourism development in Angola and thus obtain a basis for some of the actions that can be taken and that will possibly contribute to the evolution of this framework in a more dynamic way. On the other hand, it was possible to get a slightly more detailed view of the importance of the government's continued involvement in tourism. Finally, this study also served to reflect the real situation of tourism in the country up to the year 2023.
Description
Keywords
Turismo Angola Potencial turístico Entidades governamentais Destino turístico Planeamento do turismo