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Violência contra crianças e adolescentes : conhecimentos e atitudes dos médicos dentistas em Portugal
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.37 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O número de casos diagnosticados de violência infantil tem vindo a aumentar e são frequentemente subnotificados. Os dentistas têm um papel privilegiado no reconhecimento de sinais compatíveis com violência, tais como lesões típicas e observação comportamental das crianças e dos seus cuidadores, tornando assim possível a suspeita e o encaminhamento dessas situações.
Objetivos: Compreender o nível de conhecimento dos médicos dentistas em Portugal no que respeita aos sinais de violência infantil, avaliando quais situações clínicas consideram alarmantes e quais as suas abordagens perante uma suspeita, além de identificar lacunas na formação e conhecimento de protocolos sobre como proceder.
Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo exploratório transversal descritivo que incluiu uma amostra de 202 participantes, todos médicos dentistas a trabalhar em Portugal. Foi aplicado um inquérito online com 27 perguntas, que recolheu informações sobre o reconhecimento de lesões, perfis comportamentais e a abordagem perante a suspeita de violência infantil. O inquérito foi aplicado previamente a 10 médicos dentistas, incluindo generalistas e especialistas, para verificação e validação do mesmo.
Os participantes foram recrutados via redes sociais e presencialmente.
Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que, mais de metade da amostra nunca suspeitou de um caso de violência infantil (69,90%). Dos que já suspeitaram, apenas 30,91% denunciaram a alguma entidade. A maioria dos participantes considera a CPCJ a entidade mais indicada para a denuncia (72,92%) e 91% dos inqueridos consideram necessária a elaboração de um protocolo transversal.
Conclusões: Os profissionais demonstraram incerteza na suspeita de casos, e como tal, há necessidade de uma melhor formação e padronização da prática clínica. A validação do inquérito e a criação de um protocolo transversal é essencial para melhorar a abordagem perante uma suspeita de violência em Portugal.
Introduction: The number of diagnosed cases of child abuse has been increasing and is often underreported. Dentists play a crucial role in recognizing signs consistent with abuse, such as typical injuries and behavioral observation of children and their caregivers, thus making it possible to suspect and refer these situations. Objectives: To understand the level of knowledge among dentists in Portugal regarding signs of child abuse, by assessing which clinical situations they consider alarming, and their approaches to suspicion, as well as identify gaps in training and knowledge of protocols on how to proceed. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted, including a sample of 202 participants, all dentists working in Portugal. An online survey with 27 questions was applied, collecting information on injury recognition, behavioral profiles, and approaches to suspected child abuse. The survey was pre-tested with 10 dentists, including generalists and specialists, for verification and validation. Participants were recruited through social media and in person. Results: The results showed that more than half of the sample had never suspected a case of child abuse (69.90%). Of those who had suspected, only 30.91% reported it to any entity. Most participants considered the CPCJ (Commission for the Protection of Children and Youth) the most appropriate entity for reporting (72.92%), and 91% of respondents believed a comprehensive protocol is necessary. Conclusions: Professionals demonstrated uncertainty in suspecting cases, indicating a need for better training and standardization of clinical practice. The validation of the survey and the creation of a comprehensive protocol are essential to improve the approach to suspected cases of child abuse in Portugal.
Introduction: The number of diagnosed cases of child abuse has been increasing and is often underreported. Dentists play a crucial role in recognizing signs consistent with abuse, such as typical injuries and behavioral observation of children and their caregivers, thus making it possible to suspect and refer these situations. Objectives: To understand the level of knowledge among dentists in Portugal regarding signs of child abuse, by assessing which clinical situations they consider alarming, and their approaches to suspicion, as well as identify gaps in training and knowledge of protocols on how to proceed. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted, including a sample of 202 participants, all dentists working in Portugal. An online survey with 27 questions was applied, collecting information on injury recognition, behavioral profiles, and approaches to suspected child abuse. The survey was pre-tested with 10 dentists, including generalists and specialists, for verification and validation. Participants were recruited through social media and in person. Results: The results showed that more than half of the sample had never suspected a case of child abuse (69.90%). Of those who had suspected, only 30.91% reported it to any entity. Most participants considered the CPCJ (Commission for the Protection of Children and Youth) the most appropriate entity for reporting (72.92%), and 91% of respondents believed a comprehensive protocol is necessary. Conclusions: Professionals demonstrated uncertainty in suspecting cases, indicating a need for better training and standardization of clinical practice. The validation of the survey and the creation of a comprehensive protocol are essential to improve the approach to suspected cases of child abuse in Portugal.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Maus-tratos infantis Abuso sexual infantil Lesões orais Diagnóstico