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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O vírus da gripe circula pelo mundo inteiro e em todas as várias faixas etárias, no entanto existem grupos com um maior risco de adquirir doença grave, como os idosos ou indivíduos com comorbilidades.
A vacinação da gripe é recomendada a todos os profissionais que trabalhem em contextos de maior vulnerabilidade, como as Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas, no entanto, o cuidador formal mantém baixa adesão à vacinação.
Objetivo: Capacitar os cuidadores formais para a adesão à vacinação da gripe, em Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas, numa região de Lisboa.
Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo transversal, com uma amostra constituída pelos cuidadores formais das Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas da área geográfica de uma Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade, em Lisboa. Tratou-se de uma amostra não probabilística, por conveniência (n= 131). Foi aplicado o questionário Health Literacy Survey 19 abreviado (HLS19-Q12) e Health Literacy Survey 19 - Vaccination (HLS19-VAC).
Resultados: A maioria dos cuidadores formais, da amostra, são do sexo feminino, com uma média de idade de 43 anos. São na sua maioria auxiliares de ação direta, seguido dos enfermeiros. Relativamente ao nível de Literacia em Saúde (LS), 70% da amostra apresenta um nível “suficiente” ou “excelente” enquanto 30% apresenta um nível “inadequado” ou “problemático”. Ao nível das dimensões da LS, as maiores dificuldades centram-se na prevenção da doença. Constata-se ainda a importância dos mitos e crenças acerca da vacinação, com 35% dos profissionais a considerarem que as vacinas frequentemente originam efeitos adversos graves. Como estratégias de intervenção, utilizaram-se a Educação para a Saúde e Comunicação em Saúde.
Conclusões: A identificação dos fatores motivadores e barreiras para a não adesão à vacinação é fundamental para capacitar o cuidador formal, tendo em conta que níveis inadequados de literacia em saúde podem comprometer os ganhos em saúde desta comunidade. Após a avaliação das intervenções realizadas, a amostra melhorou o seu conhecimento face ao efeito da imunização e à compreensão da informação no âmbito da prevenção da doença.
Introduction: The influenza virus circulates throughout the world and in all age groups, however there are groups at a higher risk of acquiring a serious illness, such as the elderly or individuals with comorbidities. Flu vaccination is recommended for all professionals who work in more vulnerable contexts, such as Nursing Homes. However, formal caregivers maintain low adherence to vaccination. Objective: Empower formal caregivers to adhere to influenza vaccination at Nursing Homes, in a region of Lisbon. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out, with a sample made up of formal caregivers from Nursing Homes in the geographic area of a Community Care Unit, in Lisbon. It was a non-probability sample, by convenience (n= 131). The Health Literacy Survey 19 short form (HLS19-Q12) e Health Literacy Survey 19 - Vaccination (HLS19-VAC) were applied. Results: Most formal caregivers in the sample were female, with an average age of 43 years. They are mostly operational assistants, followed by nurses. Regarding the level of Health Literacy (HL), 70% of the sample presents a “sufficient” or “excellent” level, while 30% presents an “inadequate” or “problematic” level. In terms of the HL dimensions, the greatest difficulties centred on preventing the disease. The importance of myths and beliefs about vaccination is also noted, with 35% of professionals considering that vaccines often cause serious adverse effects. Health Education and Health Communication were used as intervention strategies. Conclusions: The identification of motivating factors and barriers for non-adherence to vaccination is essential to train formal caregivers in residential structures for the elderly, considering that inadequate levels of health literacy can compromise gains health of this community. After evaluating the interventions carried out, the sample improved their knowledge regarding the effect of immunization and understanding of information regarding disease prevention.
Introduction: The influenza virus circulates throughout the world and in all age groups, however there are groups at a higher risk of acquiring a serious illness, such as the elderly or individuals with comorbidities. Flu vaccination is recommended for all professionals who work in more vulnerable contexts, such as Nursing Homes. However, formal caregivers maintain low adherence to vaccination. Objective: Empower formal caregivers to adhere to influenza vaccination at Nursing Homes, in a region of Lisbon. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out, with a sample made up of formal caregivers from Nursing Homes in the geographic area of a Community Care Unit, in Lisbon. It was a non-probability sample, by convenience (n= 131). The Health Literacy Survey 19 short form (HLS19-Q12) e Health Literacy Survey 19 - Vaccination (HLS19-VAC) were applied. Results: Most formal caregivers in the sample were female, with an average age of 43 years. They are mostly operational assistants, followed by nurses. Regarding the level of Health Literacy (HL), 70% of the sample presents a “sufficient” or “excellent” level, while 30% presents an “inadequate” or “problematic” level. In terms of the HL dimensions, the greatest difficulties centred on preventing the disease. The importance of myths and beliefs about vaccination is also noted, with 35% of professionals considering that vaccines often cause serious adverse effects. Health Education and Health Communication were used as intervention strategies. Conclusions: The identification of motivating factors and barriers for non-adherence to vaccination is essential to train formal caregivers in residential structures for the elderly, considering that inadequate levels of health literacy can compromise gains health of this community. After evaluating the interventions carried out, the sample improved their knowledge regarding the effect of immunization and understanding of information regarding disease prevention.
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Keywords
Enfermagem em saúde comunitária Cuidadores Casas de saúde Cooperação e adesão ao tratamento Vacinas contra influenza
