A carregar...
Publicação
Fatores de risco para a ocorrência de maus-tratos parentais : uma revisão sistemática atualizada
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 840.56 KB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Resumo(s)
No que diz respeito aos maus-tratos contra crianças e jovens, os dados mostram que na realidade é na família que este fenómeno ocorre com maior frequência, afetando a vida de milhões de crianças por todo o mundo. Maus-tratos contra crianças e jovens definem-se pelo infligir não acidental de violência a crianças e jovens, assim como a ausência de cuidados fundamentais na satisfação das necessidades básicas expressas pela criança ou jovem, que pode causar dano à saúde física, mental, moral ou social que podem perdurar até à idade adulta.
O objetivo desta revisão sistemática, foi ampliar e consolidar os resultados da revisão sistemática de White et al., (2014), ao identificar todos os estudos publicados disponíveis para revisão, de janeiro de 2010 até março de 2024, que identificaram fatores de risco relacionados aos maus-tratos contra crianças e jovens.
Relativamente aos resultados obtidos, foram identificados fatores de risco associados à ocorrência de maus-tratos ao nível individual do agressor e do ambiental/familiar, bem como fatores de vulnerabilidade da vítima, tendo-se verificado, que quanto aos fatores de risco relacionados com a ocorrência de maus-tratos, são os fatores de risco dos progenitores, os que desempenham um papel crucial.
Os fatores de risco mais consistentes com as revisões anteriores foram a idade precoce da criança, o consumo de substâncias dos progenitores, a violência nas relações de intimidade, perturbações de saúde mental dos progenitores, o histórico de maus-tratos na infância, apoio social recebido (i.e., défice ou falta de apoio social e a influência das crenças do apoio social no âmbito da legitimação da punição física) e a desvantagem socioeconómica. O stress parental foi considerado um fator de risco importante quando nos referimos ao risco de maus-tratos contra crianças e jovens, pois foi identificado de modo consistente nesta revisão, tendo também sido identificado no estudo de Hindley et al., (2006), embora os autores não o tenham considerado mais consistente relativamente aos outros fatores de risco identificados.
With regard to abuse against children and young people, data shows that this phenomenon occurs most frequently in the family, affecting the lives of millions of children around the world. Abuse against children and young people is defined as the non-accidental infliction of violence on children and young people, as well as the lack of fundamental care in satisfying the basic needs expressed by the child or young person, which can cause damage to physical, mental, moral or social health that can persist into adulthood. The goal of this systematic review was to expand and consolidate the results of the systematic review by White et al., (2014), by identifying all studies published available for review, from January 2010 to March 2024, that identified risk factors related to mistreatment of children and young people. Regarding the results obtained, risk factors associated with the occurrence of abuse at the individual level of the aggressor and at the environmental/family level were identified, as well as vulnerability factors of the victim, having selected that, in terms of risk factors related to occurrence of abuse, it is the parents' risk factors that play a crucial role. The risk factors most consistent with previous reviews were early age of the child, parental substance abuse, violence in intimate partner relationships, parental mental health disorders, history of child abuse, social support received (i.e., deficit or lack of social support and the influence of social support influences in the context of legitimizing physical abuse) and socioeconomic disadvantage. Parental stress was considered an important risk factor when referring to the risk of maltreatment against children and young people, as it was consistently identified in this review, having also been identified in the study by Hindley et al., (2006), although the authors did not consider it more consistent in relation to the other risk factors identified.
With regard to abuse against children and young people, data shows that this phenomenon occurs most frequently in the family, affecting the lives of millions of children around the world. Abuse against children and young people is defined as the non-accidental infliction of violence on children and young people, as well as the lack of fundamental care in satisfying the basic needs expressed by the child or young person, which can cause damage to physical, mental, moral or social health that can persist into adulthood. The goal of this systematic review was to expand and consolidate the results of the systematic review by White et al., (2014), by identifying all studies published available for review, from January 2010 to March 2024, that identified risk factors related to mistreatment of children and young people. Regarding the results obtained, risk factors associated with the occurrence of abuse at the individual level of the aggressor and at the environmental/family level were identified, as well as vulnerability factors of the victim, having selected that, in terms of risk factors related to occurrence of abuse, it is the parents' risk factors that play a crucial role. The risk factors most consistent with previous reviews were early age of the child, parental substance abuse, violence in intimate partner relationships, parental mental health disorders, history of child abuse, social support received (i.e., deficit or lack of social support and the influence of social support influences in the context of legitimizing physical abuse) and socioeconomic disadvantage. Parental stress was considered an important risk factor when referring to the risk of maltreatment against children and young people, as it was consistently identified in this review, having also been identified in the study by Hindley et al., (2006), although the authors did not consider it more consistent in relation to the other risk factors identified.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Maus-tratos infantis Fatores de risco Figuras parentais Avaliação de risco