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Leucoplasia oral : uma análise retrospetiva de dez anos numa população portuguesa
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Objetivos: O objetivo principal deste estudo observacional descritivo foi o de avaliar a prevalência da leucoplasia oral, nos últimos dez anos, numa população portuguesa, relacionando com idade de diagnóstico e género. Foram tambem avaliadas a localização das lesões, características cíinicas e resultado do exame histopatologico quando realizado.
Materiais e métodos: Foi feita uma análise descritiva das histórias clínicas dos pacientes diagnosticados com lesão das mucosas orais na consulta de medicina oral, da Clínica Integrada de Medicina Oral, na Rua da Beneficiência 227, nos últimos dez anos.
Analisou-se o género, idade, data de diagnóstico, diagnóstico clínico, se foi realizada biópsia e qual o resultado deste exame. Destes selecionou se os 57 pacientes diagnosticados com leucoplasia oral e realizou-se análise mais detalhada das suas características clínicas e localização. A definição utilizada para o diagnóstico de Leucoplasia Oral corresponde à definição recomendada pela OMS na altura do diagnóstico.
Resultados: A prevalência de leucoplasia oral foi de 2%. A idade do diagnóstico da lesão variou entre os 35 e os 84 anos, verificando-se uma média de idade de 63 anos. 54% da amostra é do género feminino e 46% do género masculino. Foram feitas biópsias em 84% dos casos. A localização da lesão foi descrita 49% língua, 25% no palato, 19% no rebordo alveolar e 7% na mucosa jugal. 48% das lesões apresentaram displasia (ligeira, moderada ou grave). 18% dos pacientes possuem hábitos tabágicos. Em 92% dos casos de leucoplasia foi feita exérese total da lesão.
Conclusão: Este estudo de base clínica revelou uma prevalência de casos de leucoplasia de 2% na amostra estudada, enquadrando-se com o índice de prevalência global referido na literatura. Neste estudo a situação foi mais prevalente no género masculino (2,91%), mais frequentemente diagnosticada na faixa etária dos 65 aos 84 (46%), localizada sobretudo na na língua (49%), tendo sido realizada biópsia em 84% dos casos com o diagnóstico clínico de LO e foi realizada a exérese total da lesão em 44 casos confirmados histologicamente (92%). Valores em linha com o referido nos diversos estudos internacionais avaliados.
Aim: The main objective of this descriptive observational study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral leukoplakia, in the last ten years, in a Portuguese population, relating it to age at diagnosis and gender. The location of the lesions, kinetic characteristics and results of the histopathological examination when performed were also evaluated. Materials and methods: A descriptive analysis was made of the clinical histories of patients diagnosed with lesions of the oral mucosa in the oral medicine consultation, at the Clínica Integrada de Medicina Oral, at Rua da Benciência 227, in the last ten years. The gender, age, date of diagnosis, clinical diagnosis, whether a biopsy was performed and the results of this examination were analyzed. From these, the 57 patients diagnosed with oral leukoplakia were selected and a more detailed analysis of their clinical characteristics and location was carried out. The definition used for the diagnosis of Oral Leukoplakia corresponds to the definition recommended by the WHO at the time of diagnosis. Results: The prevalence of oral leukoplakia was 2%. The age at diagnosis of the injury varied between 35 and 84 years old, with an average age of 63 years old. 54% of the sample is female and 46% is male. Biopsies were performed in 84% of cases. The location of the lesion was described as 49% on the tongue, 25% on the palate, 19% on the alveolar ridge and 7% on the buccal mucosa. 48% of the lesions showed dysplasia (mild, moderate or severe). 18% of patients have smoking habits. In 92% of cases of leukoplakia, total excision of the lesion was performed. Conclusion: This clinical-based study revealed a prevalence of leukoplakia cases of 2% in the studied sample, in line with the global prevalence rate reported in the literature. In this study, the situation was more prevalent in males (2.91%), more frequently diagnosed in the age group from 65 to 84 (46%), located mainly on the tongue (49%), and a biopsy was performed in 84% of the cases. cases with a clinical diagnosis of leukoplakia and total excision of the lesion was performed in 44 histologically confirmed cases (92%). Values in line with those reported in the various international studies evaluated.
Aim: The main objective of this descriptive observational study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral leukoplakia, in the last ten years, in a Portuguese population, relating it to age at diagnosis and gender. The location of the lesions, kinetic characteristics and results of the histopathological examination when performed were also evaluated. Materials and methods: A descriptive analysis was made of the clinical histories of patients diagnosed with lesions of the oral mucosa in the oral medicine consultation, at the Clínica Integrada de Medicina Oral, at Rua da Benciência 227, in the last ten years. The gender, age, date of diagnosis, clinical diagnosis, whether a biopsy was performed and the results of this examination were analyzed. From these, the 57 patients diagnosed with oral leukoplakia were selected and a more detailed analysis of their clinical characteristics and location was carried out. The definition used for the diagnosis of Oral Leukoplakia corresponds to the definition recommended by the WHO at the time of diagnosis. Results: The prevalence of oral leukoplakia was 2%. The age at diagnosis of the injury varied between 35 and 84 years old, with an average age of 63 years old. 54% of the sample is female and 46% is male. Biopsies were performed in 84% of cases. The location of the lesion was described as 49% on the tongue, 25% on the palate, 19% on the alveolar ridge and 7% on the buccal mucosa. 48% of the lesions showed dysplasia (mild, moderate or severe). 18% of patients have smoking habits. In 92% of cases of leukoplakia, total excision of the lesion was performed. Conclusion: This clinical-based study revealed a prevalence of leukoplakia cases of 2% in the studied sample, in line with the global prevalence rate reported in the literature. In this study, the situation was more prevalent in males (2.91%), more frequently diagnosed in the age group from 65 to 84 (46%), located mainly on the tongue (49%), and a biopsy was performed in 84% of the cases. cases with a clinical diagnosis of leukoplakia and total excision of the lesion was performed in 44 histologically confirmed cases (92%). Values in line with those reported in the various international studies evaluated.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Leucoplasia oral Prevalência Lesão pré-maligna Displasia