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Fortalecimento do pavimento pélvico na prevenção da incontinência urinária: intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de saúde materna e obstétrica
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Resumo(s)
A incontinência urinária constitui uma condição frequente e subvalorizada, com
impacto significativo na qualidade de vida da mulher, particularmente ao longo do ciclo
gravídico-puerperal. A promoção da saúde do pavimento pélvico assume, neste contexto,
especial relevância enquanto estratégia preventiva, exigindo intervenções especializadas
e sustentadas na evidência científica.
O referencial teórico mobilizado foi a Teoria das Transições de Afaf Meleis, por
permitir compreender as mudanças fisiológicas, psicológicas e sociais vivenciadas pela
mulher durante a gravidez, o parto e o pós-parto, orientando a intervenção do enfermeiro
especialista ao longo destas transições.
Foram definidos como objetivos: identificar estratégias de prevenção da
incontinência urinária, nomeadamente através do fortalecimento do pavimento pélvico;
desenvolver competências comuns e específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em
Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica na promoção da saúde do pavimento pélvico
e na prevenção da incontinência urinária; e descrever criticamente as atividades
desenvolvidas nos diferentes contextos clínicos.
Ao longo do percurso formativo, desenvolvido em seis contextos clínicos, foi
possível consolidar competências comuns, específicas e de mestre, através da
implementação de intervenções dirigidas à educação para a saúde, capacitação das
mulheres e sensibilização dos profissionais. Entre as atividades desenvolvidas destacamse
sessões de educação para a saúde no curso de preparação para o parto e parentalidade,
sessões de formação em serviço no internamento de grávidas, internamento de puérperas
e bloco de partos, elaboração de um manual de apoio, desenvolvimento de uma instrução
de trabalho sobre referenciação da mulher com incontinência urinária, dinamização do
Dia Mundial da Incontinência Urinária e publicação de um artigo científico.
A concretização deste percurso permitiu reconhecer a pertinência da intervenção
do EEESMO na avaliação, orientação e implementação de estratégias preventivas no
âmbito da saúde do pavimento pélvico, promovendo a literacia em saúde, a autonomia e
o empoderamento da mulher. Assim, este relatório evidencia o contributo da prática
especializada para a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados e para a valorização da
enfermagem na promoção da saúde da mulher.
Urinary incontinence is a frequent and often undervalued condition, with a significant impact on women’s quality of life, particularly throughout pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. In this context, the promotion of pelvic floor health is especially relevant as a preventive strategy, requiring specialized interventions supported by scientific evidence. The theoretical framework adopted was Afaf Meleis’ Transitions Theory, as it enables an understanding of the physiological, psychological, and social changes experienced by women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, guiding the intervention of the specialist nurse throughout these transitions. The objectives defined were: to identify strategies for the prevention of urinary incontinence, particularly through pelvic floor strengthening; to develop the common and specific competences of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing in promoting pelvic floor health and preventing urinary incontinence; and to critically describe the activities carried out in the different clinical settings. Throughout the training pathway, developed across six clinical settings, it was possible to consolidate common, specific, and master’s-level competences through the implementation of interventions focused on health education, women’s empowerment, and professional awareness. The activities carried out included health education sessions in childbirth and parenting preparation courses, in-service training sessions in antenatal wards, postpartum wards, and delivery rooms, the development of a support manual, the creation of a work instruction for the referral of women with urinary incontinence, activities to mark World Urinary Incontinence Day, and the publication of a scientific article. The completion of this pathway made it possible to recognize the key role of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing in the assessment, guidance, and implementation of preventive strategies in the field of pelvic floor health, while promoting health literacy, autonomy, and women’s empowerment. Therefore, this report highlights the contribution of specialized practice to improving the quality of care and strengthening the role of nursing in the promotion of women’s health.
Urinary incontinence is a frequent and often undervalued condition, with a significant impact on women’s quality of life, particularly throughout pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. In this context, the promotion of pelvic floor health is especially relevant as a preventive strategy, requiring specialized interventions supported by scientific evidence. The theoretical framework adopted was Afaf Meleis’ Transitions Theory, as it enables an understanding of the physiological, psychological, and social changes experienced by women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, guiding the intervention of the specialist nurse throughout these transitions. The objectives defined were: to identify strategies for the prevention of urinary incontinence, particularly through pelvic floor strengthening; to develop the common and specific competences of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing in promoting pelvic floor health and preventing urinary incontinence; and to critically describe the activities carried out in the different clinical settings. Throughout the training pathway, developed across six clinical settings, it was possible to consolidate common, specific, and master’s-level competences through the implementation of interventions focused on health education, women’s empowerment, and professional awareness. The activities carried out included health education sessions in childbirth and parenting preparation courses, in-service training sessions in antenatal wards, postpartum wards, and delivery rooms, the development of a support manual, the creation of a work instruction for the referral of women with urinary incontinence, activities to mark World Urinary Incontinence Day, and the publication of a scientific article. The completion of this pathway made it possible to recognize the key role of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing in the assessment, guidance, and implementation of preventive strategies in the field of pelvic floor health, while promoting health literacy, autonomy, and women’s empowerment. Therefore, this report highlights the contribution of specialized practice to improving the quality of care and strengthening the role of nursing in the promotion of women’s health.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
pavimento pélvico incontinência urinária mulher enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de saúde materna e obstétrica pelvic floor urinary incontinence women specialist nurse in maternal and obstetric health nursing
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC