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Manejo médico dentário dos pacientes portadores de insuficiência renal crónica
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Abstract(s)
Um organismo em homeostase é aquele cujos órgãos e sistemas funcionam em perfeita harmonia. Para tal, a condição de saúde do aparelho estomatognático é parte indispensável, principalmente nos pacientes que apresentam distúrbios sistêmicos, tais como, as cardiopatias, as doenças infeciosas, as disfunções hepáticas, as doenças renais, entre tantas outras.
A Disfunção Renal Crónica é uma doença caracterizada por uma mudança irreversível e progressiva na função renal que pode expor, no seu estágio terminal, uma grande quantidade de manifestações orais como, alterações no paladar, palidez da mucosa oral, xerostomia, gengivite, bem como alterações dentárias tais como lesões radiculares, erosões nos dentes, hipoplasia do esmalte, estreitamento dos canais radiculares e da câmara pulpar.
O Médico Dentista somente está apto para tratar um paciente com Insuficiência Renal Crónica caso tenha profundo conhecimento prévio das patologias em questão, do histórico médico de saúde do doente, seu nível de risco, das alterações farmacológicas, clínicas, psicológicas e orais de modo que as mais variadas necessidades e ajustes possam ser individualizados especificamente para cada indivíduo. A manutenção e contínuo acompanhamento do quadro de saúde oral desses pacientes é de extrema importância, uma vez que os mesmos podem ser candidatos a transplantes renais e as infeções recorrentes na cavidade oral, impossibilitam a realização desses procedimentos cirúrgicos.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor orientações para um correto manejo na prática clínica do Médico Dentista junto dos doentes com Insuficiência Renal Crónica em virtude das alterações sistêmicas e manifestações orais apresentadas pelos mesmos.
A homeostasis organism is one whose organs and systems work in perfect harmony. For this, the health condition of the stomatognathic system is an indispensable part mainly in patients who have systemic disorders, including heart disease, infectious diseases, liver dysfunction, kidney disease, among many others. Chronic Renal Dysfunction is a pathology marked by an irreversible and progressive change in kidney function that can present, on its terminal stage, a large amount of oral manifestations such as changes in taste, pallor of the oral mucosa, dry mouth, gingivitis, as well as dental changes such as root lesions, enamel hypoplasia, narrowing of the pulp chamber and dental erosions. The Dentist is only able to treat a patient with Chronic Renal Insufficiency if he has in-depth knowledge of the pathologies in question, the patient´s medical history, his level of risk, the pharmacological, clinical, psychological and oral changes of so that the most varied needs and adjustments can be individualized specifically for each individual. The maintenance and continuous monitoring of the oral health of these patients is extremely important, since they may be candidates for kidney transplants and recurrent infections in the oral cavity make it not possible to perform these surgical procedures. The present work aims to propose guidelines for a correct management and clinical practice of the Medicine Dentist with patients with Chronic Renal Insufficiency due to the system changes and oral manifestations presented by them.
A homeostasis organism is one whose organs and systems work in perfect harmony. For this, the health condition of the stomatognathic system is an indispensable part mainly in patients who have systemic disorders, including heart disease, infectious diseases, liver dysfunction, kidney disease, among many others. Chronic Renal Dysfunction is a pathology marked by an irreversible and progressive change in kidney function that can present, on its terminal stage, a large amount of oral manifestations such as changes in taste, pallor of the oral mucosa, dry mouth, gingivitis, as well as dental changes such as root lesions, enamel hypoplasia, narrowing of the pulp chamber and dental erosions. The Dentist is only able to treat a patient with Chronic Renal Insufficiency if he has in-depth knowledge of the pathologies in question, the patient´s medical history, his level of risk, the pharmacological, clinical, psychological and oral changes of so that the most varied needs and adjustments can be individualized specifically for each individual. The maintenance and continuous monitoring of the oral health of these patients is extremely important, since they may be candidates for kidney transplants and recurrent infections in the oral cavity make it not possible to perform these surgical procedures. The present work aims to propose guidelines for a correct management and clinical practice of the Medicine Dentist with patients with Chronic Renal Insufficiency due to the system changes and oral manifestations presented by them.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Insuficiência renal crónica Manejo Medicina dentária