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Retratos da prisão: um olhar sobre a violação nas prisões portuguesas
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Abstract(s)
A criminologia, enquanto ciência interdisciplinar que se ocupa do estudo
do fenómeno criminal e das causas do crime, da personalidade e conduta do
agente, assim como a sua reinserção na sociedade, tem legitimidade para
intervir nas questões dos crimes sexuais em contexto prisional.
A investigação sobre o sexo em prisões é uma problemática que
permanece intramuros. Trata-se de uma temática que constitui um dos maiores
tabus ao nível do sistema prisional, daí que exista uma grande relutância em
estudar o sexo e a violência sexual como práticas comuns atrás das grades.
É neste contexto que surge a presente investigação, visando explorar a
realidade do fenómeno da violação nas prisões portuguesas, visando aferir a
natureza e a extensão desta realidade bem como compreender as dinâmicas
prisionais para que se possa dar uma resposta eficaz, possibilitando aos reclusos
um cumprimento de pena em segurança.
Numa primeira fase, caracteriza-se o estado da arte, evidenciando-se
alguns estudos a nível internacional relativos à violação no contexto prisional até
à atualidade. De seguida, através da informação recolhida em cinco
estabelecimentos prisionais, analisam-se 170 questionários, através de um
design de investigação quantitativo, procurando determinar se se trata (ou não)
de uma realidade nas prisões portuguesas. Os resultados permitem constatar
que a problemática dos contactos sexuais entre os reclusos está presente na
realidade portuguesa e não somente na internacional, uma vez que três reclusos
afirmaram terem sido violados.
Criminology, as an interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of criminal phenomena and the causes of crime, the perpetrators’ and behavior, as well as his or they reintegration into society, has the legitimacy to intervene in the issues of sex crimes in prison settings. Sexual violence in the prison context can still be considered an unexplored subject. Researches in this field are continuously held back by numerous obstacles. For this reason, there is a great reluctance to study these topics as a common practice behind bars. It is in this context that the present research arises, aiming to explore the reality of the rape’s phenomenon in Portuguese prisons, in order to assess the nature and extent of this reality as well as to understand the prison dynamics so that an effective response can be given, enabling inmates to safely serve their sentences. In the first phase, the state of the art is characterized, highlighting some international studies on rape in prison up to the present time. Next, through the information collected in five prisons, 170 questionnaires are analyzed, through a quantitative research design, trying to determine if this is a present reality in Portuguese prisons. The results show the problem of sexual contacts between inmates are a security concern, and not only in the international reality, since three inmates said they had been raped.
Criminology, as an interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of criminal phenomena and the causes of crime, the perpetrators’ and behavior, as well as his or they reintegration into society, has the legitimacy to intervene in the issues of sex crimes in prison settings. Sexual violence in the prison context can still be considered an unexplored subject. Researches in this field are continuously held back by numerous obstacles. For this reason, there is a great reluctance to study these topics as a common practice behind bars. It is in this context that the present research arises, aiming to explore the reality of the rape’s phenomenon in Portuguese prisons, in order to assess the nature and extent of this reality as well as to understand the prison dynamics so that an effective response can be given, enabling inmates to safely serve their sentences. In the first phase, the state of the art is characterized, highlighting some international studies on rape in prison up to the present time. Next, through the information collected in five prisons, 170 questionnaires are analyzed, through a quantitative research design, trying to determine if this is a present reality in Portuguese prisons. The results show the problem of sexual contacts between inmates are a security concern, and not only in the international reality, since three inmates said they had been raped.
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Keywords
Prisão Subcultura prisional Violação Violência sexual Prison Prison subculture Sexual violence Violation