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Fosfato De Toceranib Em Oncologia Veterinária De Animais De Companhia
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Abstract(s)
A doença oncológica em animais de companhia tem-se tornado uma crescente preocupação, devido ao aumento da sua esperança de vida e a uma maior procura por cuidados médico veterinários. A terapêutica oncológica tem vindo a evoluir, procurando tratamentos mais direcionados às células neoplásicas e com menos efeitos adversos.
Uma nova abordagem no tratamento de neoplasias é a administração de inibidores de alvos moleculares específicos, que se encontram alterados nas células tumorais, nomeadamente recetores tirosina quinase.
Os inibidores dos recetores tirosina quinase, como o fosfato de toceranib, têm vindo a destacar-se no tratamento de neoplasias, mostrando eficácia e estando associados à ocorrência de menos efeitos adversos.
O fosfato de toceranib é um inibidor, capaz de bloquear a função de diversos recetores tirosina quinase, atuando como um inibidor competitivo do ATP. Funciona como agente anti-angiogénico, mas também possui efeitos anti tumorais diretos, o que o torna uma opção terapêutica mais versátil.
O fosfato de toceranib está aprovado no tratamento de mastocitomas caninos de grau II e III não extirpáveis. Embora esteja aprovado apenas para mastocitomas, tem sido utilizado em regime “off-label”, como terapia adjuvante ou de forma paliativa em diversos tipos de neoplasias, nomeadamente adenocarcinoma das glândulas anais, carcinoma da tiroide, adenocarcinoma nasal, neoplasias do estroma gastrointestinal, osteossarcoma e hemangiossarcoma, exibindo resultados favoráveis particularmente no aumento do tempo de sobrevida dos pacientes.
A dose mais utilizada nos diversos tipos de neoplasias tem sido, de 2,5 a 2,75mg/Kg, a cada 48h ou três vezes por semana. Nesta dose, verificou-se uma diminuição da frequência e gravidade dos efeitos adversos observados nos pacientes quando comparados aos observados em pacientes sujeitos à dose standard. Os efeitos adversos mais observados são toxicidades gastrointestinais.
O fosfato de toceranib representa assim uma alternativa viável em casos onde as opções terapêuticas convencionais são limitadas.
The occurrence of oncological diseases in companion animals has become a growing concern due to their increased life expectancy and a higher demand for veterinary care. Oncological therapy has been evolving, seeking treatments that are more targeted to neoplastic cells and have fewer adverse effects. A new approach in the treatment of neoplasms is the administration of inhibitors of specific molecular targets that are altered in tumor cells, particularly tyrosine kinase receptors. Tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors, such as toceranib phosphate, have been gaining prominence in the treatment of neoplasms, showing efficacy and being associated with fewer adverse effects. Toceranib phosphate is an inhibitor capable of blocking the function of various tyrosine kinase receptors, acting as a competitive ATP inhibitor. It functions as an anti-angiogenic agent but also has direct anti-tumor effects, making it a more versatile therapeutic option. Toceranib phosphate is approved for the treatment of non-resectable grade II and III canine mast cell tumors. Although it is only approved for mast cell tumors, it has been used "off-label" as an adjuvant or palliative therapy in various types of neoplasms, including anal gland adenocarcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, nasal adenocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, osteosarcoma, and hemangiosarcoma, showing favorable results particularly in increasing the survival time of patients. The most commonly used dose in various types of neoplasms has been 2.5 to 2.75 mg/kg, every 48 hours or three times a week. At this dose, a decrease in the frequency and severity of adverse effects observed in patients was noted compared to those observed in patients subjected to the standard dose. The most commonly observed adverse effects are gastrointestinal toxicities. Thus, toceranib phosphate represents a viable alternative in cases where conventional therapeutic options are limited.
The occurrence of oncological diseases in companion animals has become a growing concern due to their increased life expectancy and a higher demand for veterinary care. Oncological therapy has been evolving, seeking treatments that are more targeted to neoplastic cells and have fewer adverse effects. A new approach in the treatment of neoplasms is the administration of inhibitors of specific molecular targets that are altered in tumor cells, particularly tyrosine kinase receptors. Tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors, such as toceranib phosphate, have been gaining prominence in the treatment of neoplasms, showing efficacy and being associated with fewer adverse effects. Toceranib phosphate is an inhibitor capable of blocking the function of various tyrosine kinase receptors, acting as a competitive ATP inhibitor. It functions as an anti-angiogenic agent but also has direct anti-tumor effects, making it a more versatile therapeutic option. Toceranib phosphate is approved for the treatment of non-resectable grade II and III canine mast cell tumors. Although it is only approved for mast cell tumors, it has been used "off-label" as an adjuvant or palliative therapy in various types of neoplasms, including anal gland adenocarcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, nasal adenocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, osteosarcoma, and hemangiosarcoma, showing favorable results particularly in increasing the survival time of patients. The most commonly used dose in various types of neoplasms has been 2.5 to 2.75 mg/kg, every 48 hours or three times a week. At this dose, a decrease in the frequency and severity of adverse effects observed in patients was noted compared to those observed in patients subjected to the standard dose. The most commonly observed adverse effects are gastrointestinal toxicities. Thus, toceranib phosphate represents a viable alternative in cases where conventional therapeutic options are limited.
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Keywords
Fosfato de Toceranib Inibidores Tirosina Quinase Oncologia Veterinária Animais De Companhia Toceranib Phosphate Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Veterinary Oncology Pets