Loading...
Publication
Stress, qualidade do sono e trabalho por turnos na polícia municipal
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.11 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A atividade policial, em geral, é caracterizada por tarefas stressantes e exigentes e pelo
trabalho por turnos que dificulta o equilíbrio do tempo de trabalho com o sono adequado.
Procurou-se assim avaliar o stress ocupacional, a qualidade do sono e a possível influência
do trabalho por turnos, numa amostra de 50 polícias municipais, através de um estudo
transversal. Para caracterização do stress, foi aplicado o questionário Spielberger Police
Stress Survey, com determinação do nível (intensidade) do stress percecionado, frequência
de eventos stressantes e índice de stress. Para caracterização da qualidade do sono, foi
aplicado o questionário Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, com determinação do índice PSQI.
Os polícias municipais da amostra evidenciaram stress com uma intensidade moderada
(média de nível de stress 5,9 ± 2,3). No entanto, foram identificados fatores stressores que
evidenciaram provocar elevado stress nos polícias da amostra como Considerar que a
remuneração não é adequada (66,9), Falta de tempo para a família (49,4), Comunicados da
imprensa negativos sobre a Polícia (41,7), Críticas à atuação da Polícia (42,3), Mudança de
turno diurno para noturno (39,2), Falta de recursos humanos (38,9), Falta de reconhecimento
pelo desempenho profissional (35,5). Os fatores que causam maior stress nos polícias
municipais da amostra verificaram-se ser os stressores do tipo falta de apoio, seguidos dos
stressores do tipo pressão administrativa e organizacional.
Os homens e os polícias que fazem turnos noturnos ou diurnos e noturnos rotativos,
apresentaram índices de stress mais elevados.
Relativamente à qualidade do sono, a média do índice PSQI na amostra é de 8,6 ± 3,9, sendo
que 78,6% dos respondentes apresentam uma deficiente qualidade do sono (PSQI > 5). O
número de horas dormidas foi em média de 5,2 ± 1,1 horas, encontrando-se abaixo do
recomendado e 16,7% dos respondentes tomam medicação para dormir pelo menos 1 vez
por semana. Os polícias da amostra que fazem turnos noturnos ou diurnos e noturnos
rotativos, apresentam uma média de índice PSQI tendencialmente superior à dos colegas que
têm um horário diurno estável.
Considerando apenas os respondentes do sexo masculino, verificou-se uma associação
significativa, embora fraca, entre o índice de stress e o índice PSQI, evidenciando que como
esperado, um maior stress está associado a uma pior qualidade de sono entre os homens da
amostra. Os fatores stressores do tipo pressão administrativa e organizacional são os que
parecem apresentar uma relação mais estreita com a qualidade do sono. É de salientar que
estes resultados não permitem inferir um nexo de casualidade.
Na globalidade da amostra, o índice de stress está associado apenas com a componente 7
do índice PSQI - disfunção diurna, significando que um maior stress está associado a
disfunção diurna do sono. Na classe do sexo masculino, também se verificou associação entre o índice de stress e a componente 6 do índice PSQI – utilização de medicação para dormir,
indicando que os homens que manifestam mais stress, recorrem tendencialmente mais a
medicação para dormir.
Desta forma, é identificada a necessidade de intervenções direcionadas no contexto laboral
estudado, como a reorganização dos horários de turnos, a implementação de programas de
saúde e bem-estar, com ênfase na promoção da higiene do sono e mitigação do stress. A
presente dissertação propõe medidas de atuação nesses domínios, permitindo auxiliar a
Polícia Municipal a encontrar formas de promover a saúde, segurança e performance dos
seus polícias.
Police work, in general, is characterized by stressful and demanding tasks, along with shift work that makes it difficult to balance work time with adequate sleep. The objective of this study was to assess occupational stress, sleep quality, and the potential influence of shift work in a sample of 50 municipal police officers through a cross-sectional study. To assess stress, the Spielberger Police Stress Survey was applied, determining the level (intensity) of perceived stress, the frequency of stressful events, and the stress index. To assess sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used, determining the PSQI score. The municipal police officers in the sample exhibited moderate stress intensity (mean stress level 5.9 ± 2.3). However, certain stressors were identified as causing high stress in the sample such as Perceiving that the remuneration is inadequate (66.9), Lack of time for family (49.4), Negative press reports about the police (41.7), Criticism of police performance (42.3), Changing from day to night shifts (39.2), Lack of human resources (38.9), Lack of recognition for professional performance (35.5). The factors causing the most stress among the sample were mainly related to lack of support, followed by administrative and organizational pressure. Men and police officers working night shifts, or rotating day and night shifts, presented higher stress indices. Regarding sleep quality, the average PSQI score in the sample was 8.6 ± 3.9, with 78.6% of respondents showing poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5). The average number of hours slept was 5.2 ± 1.1 hours, which is below the recommended amount, and 16.7% of respondents take sleep medication at least once a week. Police officers working night shifts, or rotating day and night shifts, had a tendency toward higher PSQI scores compared to colleagues with stable day shifts. Among male respondents, a significant, though weak, association was found between stress levels and PSQI scores, showing that, as expected, higher stress is associated with poorer sleep quality among the men in the sample. Administrative and organizational pressure stressors seemed to have the closest relationship with sleep quality. It is important to note that these results do not allow for inferences about causality. In the overall sample, stress levels were associated only with component 7 of the PSQI – daytime dysfunction, meaning that higher stress is associated with daytime dysfunction related to sleep. Among males, there was also an association between stress levels and component 6 of the PSQI – use of sleep medication, indicating that men who experience more stress tend to use sleep medication more frequently. Thus, there is a need for targeted interventions in the studied work context, such as the reorganization of shift schedules, the implementation of health and wellness programs with an emphasis on promoting sleep hygiene and stress mitigation. This thesis proposes measures in these areas to help the Municipal Police find ways to promote the health, safety, and performance of their officers.
Police work, in general, is characterized by stressful and demanding tasks, along with shift work that makes it difficult to balance work time with adequate sleep. The objective of this study was to assess occupational stress, sleep quality, and the potential influence of shift work in a sample of 50 municipal police officers through a cross-sectional study. To assess stress, the Spielberger Police Stress Survey was applied, determining the level (intensity) of perceived stress, the frequency of stressful events, and the stress index. To assess sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used, determining the PSQI score. The municipal police officers in the sample exhibited moderate stress intensity (mean stress level 5.9 ± 2.3). However, certain stressors were identified as causing high stress in the sample such as Perceiving that the remuneration is inadequate (66.9), Lack of time for family (49.4), Negative press reports about the police (41.7), Criticism of police performance (42.3), Changing from day to night shifts (39.2), Lack of human resources (38.9), Lack of recognition for professional performance (35.5). The factors causing the most stress among the sample were mainly related to lack of support, followed by administrative and organizational pressure. Men and police officers working night shifts, or rotating day and night shifts, presented higher stress indices. Regarding sleep quality, the average PSQI score in the sample was 8.6 ± 3.9, with 78.6% of respondents showing poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5). The average number of hours slept was 5.2 ± 1.1 hours, which is below the recommended amount, and 16.7% of respondents take sleep medication at least once a week. Police officers working night shifts, or rotating day and night shifts, had a tendency toward higher PSQI scores compared to colleagues with stable day shifts. Among male respondents, a significant, though weak, association was found between stress levels and PSQI scores, showing that, as expected, higher stress is associated with poorer sleep quality among the men in the sample. Administrative and organizational pressure stressors seemed to have the closest relationship with sleep quality. It is important to note that these results do not allow for inferences about causality. In the overall sample, stress levels were associated only with component 7 of the PSQI – daytime dysfunction, meaning that higher stress is associated with daytime dysfunction related to sleep. Among males, there was also an association between stress levels and component 6 of the PSQI – use of sleep medication, indicating that men who experience more stress tend to use sleep medication more frequently. Thus, there is a need for targeted interventions in the studied work context, such as the reorganization of shift schedules, the implementation of health and wellness programs with an emphasis on promoting sleep hygiene and stress mitigation. This thesis proposes measures in these areas to help the Municipal Police find ways to promote the health, safety, and performance of their officers.
Description
Keywords
Stress Sono Trabalho por turnos Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Spielberger Police Stress Survey Polícia Municipal Sleep Shifts Municipal Police