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Em Portugal, as doenças respiratórias continuam a ser uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade. A Síndrome de Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS) constitui uma das áreas estratégicas de intervenção dentro das principais doenças respiratórias crónicas de maior prevalência. As manifestações clínicas da doença como a sonolência diurna, podem comprometer a capacidade funcional da pessoa nas atividades de vida diária (AVD) como também a estabilidade familiar, profissional e social. A Ventilação Não Invasiva (VNI) é o tratamento de primeira linha na SAOS, e apesar da eficácia comprovada, a adesão ao tratamento ainda não é suficiente.
O referencial teórico que norteia este relatório de estágio, é o Modelo de Adaptação de Callista Roy. O Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER) desenvolve processos de adaptação eficazes aos problemas de saúde, desempenha um papel na otimização da adesão ao tratamento ao nível do indivíduo e da família, através do planeamento de intervenções que visem a readaptação funcional.
De forma a problematizar a área de estudo, foi formulada uma questão de investigação: Quais as intervenções do Enfermeiro de Reabilitação que promovem a adesão à Ventilação Não Invasiva na pessoa com Síndrome de Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono?
A implementação de um programa de Reabilitação precoce apresenta efeitos benéficos e pode apoiar a terapia não invasiva padrão da SAOS, com ganhos ao nível da autonomia no autocuidado e na realização das AVD, assim como na capacitação do doente para a autogestão da doença.
A elaboração deste relatório de estágio, permitiu uma análise reflexiva das atividades desenvolvidas ao longo do percurso formativo em contexto de estágio, com a finalidade de atingir os objetivos propostos, no desenvolvimento de competências sustentadas pelo Regulamento de Competências Comuns do Enfermeiro Especialista e pelo Regulamento de Competências Específicas do Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação.
In Portugal, respiratory diseases are still one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) is one of the strategic areas of intervention among the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases. The symptoms of the disease, such as daytime sleepiness, can compromise the patient's functional capacity in activities of daily living (ADL) as well as family, professional and social stability. Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) is the first-line treatment of OSAS and despite its proven effectiveness, adherence to treatment is still not enough. The theoretical framework that guides this internship report is Callista Roy's Adaptation Model. The Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing develops effective adaptation processes to health problems, plays an important role in optimizing adherence to treatment at the individual and family level, by planning interventions aimed at functional rehabilitation. A research question was formulated: Which interventions by the Rehabilitation Nurse promote adherence to Non-Invasive Ventilation in people with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome? The implementation of an early rehabilitation program has beneficial effects and can support standard non-invasive therapy for OSAS, with gains in terms of autonomy in self-care and in carrying out ADL, as well as the patient's empowerment for disease self-management. The elaboration of this internship report allowed a reflective analysis of the training path in the internship context, with the purpose of achieving the proposed objectives in the development of competences supported by the Regulation of Common Skills of the Specialist Nurse and by the Regulation of Specific Skills of the Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing.
In Portugal, respiratory diseases are still one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) is one of the strategic areas of intervention among the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases. The symptoms of the disease, such as daytime sleepiness, can compromise the patient's functional capacity in activities of daily living (ADL) as well as family, professional and social stability. Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) is the first-line treatment of OSAS and despite its proven effectiveness, adherence to treatment is still not enough. The theoretical framework that guides this internship report is Callista Roy's Adaptation Model. The Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing develops effective adaptation processes to health problems, plays an important role in optimizing adherence to treatment at the individual and family level, by planning interventions aimed at functional rehabilitation. A research question was formulated: Which interventions by the Rehabilitation Nurse promote adherence to Non-Invasive Ventilation in people with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome? The implementation of an early rehabilitation program has beneficial effects and can support standard non-invasive therapy for OSAS, with gains in terms of autonomy in self-care and in carrying out ADL, as well as the patient's empowerment for disease self-management. The elaboration of this internship report allowed a reflective analysis of the training path in the internship context, with the purpose of achieving the proposed objectives in the development of competences supported by the Regulation of Common Skills of the Specialist Nurse and by the Regulation of Specific Skills of the Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing.
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Keywords
Enfermagem em reabilitação Apneia obstrutiva do sono Cooperação e adesão ao tratamento