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Diabetes, sua influência na saúde oral
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Diabetes Mellitus afeta cerca de 382 milhões de pessoas em todo o Mundo e a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) prevê que este número possa duplicar até 2030 devido ao envelhecimento populacional, hábitos alimentares incorretos, obesidade e sedentarismo. Esta, é uma das condições sistémicas que de diversas formas está intimamente relacionada com a saúde oral, apresentando os doentes diabéticos manifestações orais que devem ser observadas e avaliadas pelos médicos dentistas com rigor. Inúmeras são as complicações associadas a este distúrbio metabólico sistémico, que de maneira tão silenciosa e lenta, pode comprometer o estado de saúde dos indivíduos acometidos por ela, nomeadamente o periodonto. Ao longo de décadas, não se têm medido esforços para conhecer o mecanismo de ação da Diabetes Mellitus, mas sobretudo saber quais as medidas a tomar atempadamente, de forma preventiva, ou qual a probabilidade que um indivíduo apresenta a longo prazo e para desenvolver Diabetes Mellitus recorrendo ao questionário FINDRISK. Pretende-se com esta monografia compreender e conhecer de que forma uma condição sistémica pode ter impacto tão significativo na saúde oral e de que maneira o conhecimento da doença, a mudança de estilo de vida e o cumprimento da terapêutica têm um papel crucial para o aumento da esperança média de vida. Diversos estudos têm tido como objeto de estudo a relação existente entre a Diabetes Mellitus e a Periodontite, e foi possível compreender que os distúrbios metabólicos causados pela Diabetes Mellitus exacerbam a manifestação dos mediadores inflamatórios envolvidos, bem como a inflamação e os microrganismos característicos da Periodontite, favorecem o agravamento da resistência à insulina que gera o desenvolvimento e consequente evolução de Diabetes Mellitus. Pelas razões mencionadas podemos afirmar de que existe uma relação bidirecional ente a Diabetes Mellitus e a Doença Periodontal.
Diabetes Mellitus affects about 382 million people worldwide and the World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that this number could double by 2030 due to population aging, incorrect eating habits, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. This is one of the systemic conditions that in many ways is closely related to oral health, with diabetic patients presenting oral manifestations that must be observed and evaluated by dentists with some rigor. There are countless complications associated with this systemic metabolic disorder, which in such a silent and slow way can compromise the health status of individuals affected by it. Over the decades, they have spared no efforts to understand the mecanism of action of DM, but above all to know what measures to taken in a timely manner, in a preventive way, or what is the probability that an individual has in the long term of developing DM using FINDRISK. The aim of this monograph is to understand and know how a systemic condition can have such a significant impact on oral health and how knowledge about the disease, lifestyle changes and compliance with therapy play a crucial role in increasing of average life expectancy. Several studies have studied the relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis, and it has been possible to understand that the metabolic disorders caused by Diabetes Mellitus exacerbate the manifestation of the inflammatory mediators involved, as well as the inflammation and microorganisms specific to Periodontitis, favoring the worsening of insulin resistance that generates the development and consequent evolution of Diabetes Mellitus. For the reasons mentioned, we can state that there is a bidirectional relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease.
Diabetes Mellitus affects about 382 million people worldwide and the World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that this number could double by 2030 due to population aging, incorrect eating habits, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. This is one of the systemic conditions that in many ways is closely related to oral health, with diabetic patients presenting oral manifestations that must be observed and evaluated by dentists with some rigor. There are countless complications associated with this systemic metabolic disorder, which in such a silent and slow way can compromise the health status of individuals affected by it. Over the decades, they have spared no efforts to understand the mecanism of action of DM, but above all to know what measures to taken in a timely manner, in a preventive way, or what is the probability that an individual has in the long term of developing DM using FINDRISK. The aim of this monograph is to understand and know how a systemic condition can have such a significant impact on oral health and how knowledge about the disease, lifestyle changes and compliance with therapy play a crucial role in increasing of average life expectancy. Several studies have studied the relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis, and it has been possible to understand that the metabolic disorders caused by Diabetes Mellitus exacerbate the manifestation of the inflammatory mediators involved, as well as the inflammation and microorganisms specific to Periodontitis, favoring the worsening of insulin resistance that generates the development and consequent evolution of Diabetes Mellitus. For the reasons mentioned, we can state that there is a bidirectional relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus I Diabetes Mellitus II Doença periodontal Cárie Dentária