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Transição para a parentalidade: cuidar das famílias para a integração de um novo membro
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Enquanto unidade sistémica, a família caracteriza-se por relações complexas,
dinâmicas e influenciadas pelo contexto, que se ajustam continuamente às
transições que marcam as diferentes fases do seu ciclo vital. A transição para a
parentalidade, apesar de representar uma transição normativa no ciclo vital da
família, é descrita como uma das mais desafiantes, exigindo adaptações
emocionais, relacionais e estruturais para a integração do novo membro.
Este relatório foi desenvolvido no âmbito das unidades curriculares de Estágio
de Natureza Profissional com Relatório – Módulo I e II, do Curso de Mestrado
em Enfermagem Comunitária na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar, teve
como objetivo prestar cuidados a famílias em transição para a parentalidade para
a integração de um novo membro, como unidade de cuidados, bem como aos
seus membros ao longo do seu ciclo vital e aos diferentes níveis de prevenção,
promovendo simultaneamente a liderança e a colaboração em processos de
intervenção no âmbito da Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar. Alinhado com os
critérios estabelecidos no Anexo II do Regulamento n.º 428/2018 da Ordem dos
Enfermeiros, assume-se que o Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem
Comunitária na Área de Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar deve ser capaz de
estabelecer uma relação terapêutica com a família, promovendo o seu
funcionamento, capacitando-a ao longo do ciclo vital e nas suas transições.
A prestação de cuidados foi norteada pelo Modelo Dinâmico de Avaliação e
Intervenção Familiar, que se caracteriza pela sua matriz dinâmica, flexível e
interativa. Este modelo tem como referencial epistemológico o pensamento
sistémico, sendo sustentado pelo Modelo Calgary de Avaliação da Família e pelo
Modelo Calgary de Intervenção na Família. De forma complementar, recorreu-se
à Teoria das Transições de Meleis, a qual permitiu compreender os processos
de mudança experienciados pelos membros da família, orientando intervenções
focadas na adaptação e na promoção da saúde ao longo das transições
identificadas.
No âmbito do processo de Enfermagem, foram realizadas consultas a 5 famílias,
possibilitando a avaliação e a intervenção tanto familiar como individual. Para
além da aplicação de técnicas de comunicação terapêutica, foram integradas
técnicas de intervenção específicas e transversais, como os Rituais Terapêuticos
e a Conotação Positiva, contribuindo para a reformulação de significados e a
valorização das forças familiares. As intervenções implementadas resultaram em
ganhos em saúde para estas famílias, fortalecendo a sua capacidade de
mobilizar recursos e potenciar as suas forças.
As intervenções na gestão, articulação e otimização de recursos fortaleceram a
cultura organizacional baseada na formação, prática e investigação. A reflexão
sobre as atividades desenvolvidas destacou a relação entre a evidência científica
e o desenvolvimento de competências, cuja mobilização qualificou os cuidados
à família e a saúde dos seus membros.
As a systemic unit, the family is characterised by complex, dynamic, and contextinfluenced relationships that continuously adjust to the transitions marking the different stages of its life cycle. The transition to parenthood, although considered a normative transition within the family life cycle, is described as one of the most challenging, requiring emotional, relational, and structural adjustments to integrate the new member. This report was developed within the scope of the curricular units of the Professional Internship with Report – Modules I and II, from the master’s degree in Community Nursing with a Specialisation in Family Health Nursing. Its objective was to provide care to families in transition to parenthood and the integration of a new member, recognising the family as the unit of care, as well as to its individual members throughout the life cycle and at different levels of prevention, while also promoting leadership and collaboration in Family Health Nursing interventions. Aligned with the criteria set out in Annex II of Regulation no. 428/2018 of the Portuguese Nursing Council (Ordem dos Enfermeiros), it is assumed that the Specialist Nurse in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing must be able to establish a therapeutic relationship with the family, promote its functioning, and support its empowerment throughout the life cycle and during transitions. Care delivery was guided by the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention (MDAIF), characterised by its dynamic, flexible, and interactive framework. This model is epistemologically grounded in systemic thinking and is supported by the Calgary Family Assessment Model and the Calgary Family Intervention Model. Complementarily, Meleis’ Transitions Theory was applied, allowing a deeper understanding of the change processes experienced by family members and guiding interventions focused on adaptation and health promotion during identified transitions. Within the scope of the Nursing process, consultations were conducted with five families, allowing for both family and individual assessment and intervention. In addition to therapeutic communication techniques, both specific and transversal intervention strategies were applied, such as Therapeutic Rituals and Positive Connotation, contributing to the reframing of meanings and the reinforcement of family strengths. The interventions implemented resulted in health gains for these families, enhancing their ability to mobilise resources and strengthen their internal capacities. Interventions related to the management, articulation, and optimisation of resources also contributed to strengthening an organisational culture based on training, practice, and research. The reflection on the activities carried out highlighted the relationship between scientific evidence and the development of competencies, whose mobilisation enhanced the quality of care provided to the family and the health of its members.
As a systemic unit, the family is characterised by complex, dynamic, and contextinfluenced relationships that continuously adjust to the transitions marking the different stages of its life cycle. The transition to parenthood, although considered a normative transition within the family life cycle, is described as one of the most challenging, requiring emotional, relational, and structural adjustments to integrate the new member. This report was developed within the scope of the curricular units of the Professional Internship with Report – Modules I and II, from the master’s degree in Community Nursing with a Specialisation in Family Health Nursing. Its objective was to provide care to families in transition to parenthood and the integration of a new member, recognising the family as the unit of care, as well as to its individual members throughout the life cycle and at different levels of prevention, while also promoting leadership and collaboration in Family Health Nursing interventions. Aligned with the criteria set out in Annex II of Regulation no. 428/2018 of the Portuguese Nursing Council (Ordem dos Enfermeiros), it is assumed that the Specialist Nurse in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing must be able to establish a therapeutic relationship with the family, promote its functioning, and support its empowerment throughout the life cycle and during transitions. Care delivery was guided by the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention (MDAIF), characterised by its dynamic, flexible, and interactive framework. This model is epistemologically grounded in systemic thinking and is supported by the Calgary Family Assessment Model and the Calgary Family Intervention Model. Complementarily, Meleis’ Transitions Theory was applied, allowing a deeper understanding of the change processes experienced by family members and guiding interventions focused on adaptation and health promotion during identified transitions. Within the scope of the Nursing process, consultations were conducted with five families, allowing for both family and individual assessment and intervention. In addition to therapeutic communication techniques, both specific and transversal intervention strategies were applied, such as Therapeutic Rituals and Positive Connotation, contributing to the reframing of meanings and the reinforcement of family strengths. The interventions implemented resulted in health gains for these families, enhancing their ability to mobilise resources and strengthen their internal capacities. Interventions related to the management, articulation, and optimisation of resources also contributed to strengthening an organisational culture based on training, practice, and research. The reflection on the activities carried out highlighted the relationship between scientific evidence and the development of competencies, whose mobilisation enhanced the quality of care provided to the family and the health of its members.
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Palavras-chave
Transição para a Parentalidade Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar Modelo Dinâmico de Avaliação e Intervenção Familiar Integração de um Novo Membro