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Perfis das mulheres em contexto de trabalho de parto: Relatório de estágio profissional de desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas na área da Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica
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Resumo(s)
A gravidez, o trabalho de parto e o puerpério são uma experiência subjetiva e
única para cada mulher, e é papel da EE-ESMO contribuir positivamente para
que essa vivência decorra em segurança e com saúde. É com esta perspetiva
que se apresenta este relatório final do Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde
Materna e Obstétrica que reflete o desenvolvimento e integração de
competências especializadas desenvolvidas ao longo dos estágios e através de
um estudo de natureza qualitativa.
Perante a escassez de estudos que descrevem as características
comportamentais diferenciadoras das mulheres para lidarem com o seu trabalho
de parto, foi realizada uma reflexão-investigação qualitativa com o objetivo de
descrever e compreender os perfis de mulheres em contexto de trabalho de
parto, a partir do conhecimento experiencial de onze EE-ESMO, com mais de
três anos de experiência em bloco de partos. Da análise emergiram cinco perfis
distintos: idealista, dogmático, flexível, passivo e hipervigilante. Estes resultados
podem constituir um contributo para uma prática clínica centrada na mulher.
Descrevem-se, com recurso à análise crítica e evidência quatro casos clínicos.
Dois relativos ao desenvolvimento de competências no contexto de bloco de
partos. Em ambos procurou-se identificar o perfil da mulher face ao seu trabalho
de parto. Uma revelou um perfil idealista perante o desafio de uma rotura
prematura de membranas e outra um perfil dogmático, confrontada com
mudanças face ao seu plano idealizado. No caso relativo ao pós-parto, refletiuse
sobre a adaptabilidade da díade mãe-recém-nascido perante a circunstância
exigente de ficarem afastadas, implicando à EE-ESMO a gestão de um conflito
de decisão parental. No internamento de gravidez de risco, acompanhou-se uma
mulher perante a experiência exigente de ameaça de abortamento.
O relatório evidencia a integração entre investigação e prática clínica, reforçando
a importância de colocar a mulher no centro dos cuidados. Demonstra-se que a
atuação da EE-ESMO, sustentada em evidência científica, empatia e reflexão
crítica, contribui para a qualidade e segurança dos cuidados em enfermagem de
saúde materna e obstétrica, respondendo às necessidades específicas de cada
transição vivida.
Pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum are a subjective and unique experience for each woman, and it is the role of the Nurse-Midwife to contribute positively so that this experience takes place safely and with satisfaction. From this perspective, this final report of the Master’s in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing reflects the consolidation of specialized competencies developed throughout the clinical placements and within a qualitative study. Given the scarcity of studies that describe the differentiating behavioural characteristics of women during childbirth, a qualitative reflective study was carried out with the aim of describing and understanding profiles of woman in the context of labour, based on the experiential knowledge of eleven Nurse-Midwife with more than three years of experience in childbirth. The analysis identified five distinct profiles: idealistic, dogmatic, flexible, passive, and hypervigilant. These results may represent a contribution to woman-centred clinical practice. Four clinical cases are described through critical analysis and supported by evidence. Two, in the delivery ward, describe practice adapted to the needs and profile of the women: one with an idealistic profile facing the challenge of prelabour rupture of membranes, and another with a dogmatic profile confronted with changes to her idealized birth plan. In postpartum, reflection focused on the adaptability of the mother–newborn dyad to the demanding circumstance of being separated, which confronted the EE-ESMO with an dilemma. In the high-risk pregnancy unit, a woman was accompanied through the demanding experience of threatened miscarriage. This report highlights the integration between research and clinical practice, reinforcing the importance of placing women at the centre of care. It demonstrates that the role of the Nurse-Midwife, supported by scientific evidence, empathy, and critical reflection, contributes to the quality and safety of maternal and obstetric health care, responding to the specific needs of each transition experienced. Keywords: Maternal and obstetric health nursing; Childbirth; Women’s profiles in labour.
Pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum are a subjective and unique experience for each woman, and it is the role of the Nurse-Midwife to contribute positively so that this experience takes place safely and with satisfaction. From this perspective, this final report of the Master’s in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing reflects the consolidation of specialized competencies developed throughout the clinical placements and within a qualitative study. Given the scarcity of studies that describe the differentiating behavioural characteristics of women during childbirth, a qualitative reflective study was carried out with the aim of describing and understanding profiles of woman in the context of labour, based on the experiential knowledge of eleven Nurse-Midwife with more than three years of experience in childbirth. The analysis identified five distinct profiles: idealistic, dogmatic, flexible, passive, and hypervigilant. These results may represent a contribution to woman-centred clinical practice. Four clinical cases are described through critical analysis and supported by evidence. Two, in the delivery ward, describe practice adapted to the needs and profile of the women: one with an idealistic profile facing the challenge of prelabour rupture of membranes, and another with a dogmatic profile confronted with changes to her idealized birth plan. In postpartum, reflection focused on the adaptability of the mother–newborn dyad to the demanding circumstance of being separated, which confronted the EE-ESMO with an dilemma. In the high-risk pregnancy unit, a woman was accompanied through the demanding experience of threatened miscarriage. This report highlights the integration between research and clinical practice, reinforcing the importance of placing women at the centre of care. It demonstrates that the role of the Nurse-Midwife, supported by scientific evidence, empathy, and critical reflection, contributes to the quality and safety of maternal and obstetric health care, responding to the specific needs of each transition experienced. Keywords: Maternal and obstetric health nursing; Childbirth; Women’s profiles in labour.
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Palavras-chave
Enfermagem de saúde materna e obstétrica Trabalho de parto