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Attachment patterns and suicidal behaviours on higher education students
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Introduction: Every individual has a necessity to establish affective relationships throughout life
in order to feel comfort and support. This need is called attachment and allows the human being
to explore the world, acquiring knowledge about himself and everyone else.1
There are several changes that occur on students’ lives when enrolling and attending university,
a period that is known to include a set of situational and academic transitions which might lead
to mental health problems, and thus making students more vulnerable and more prone to develop
suicidal behaviours.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation on higher education students and
to assess its relationship with attachment patterns.
Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and correlational study, applied on a sample of 1074 students
from a Portuguese higher education institution. Data collection was possible through an online platform
that included a survey with questions regarding sociodemographical and academic proiling, the
Portuguese version of the Adult Attachment Scale (EVA)2 and the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire.3
Results: Students’ age varies between the 17 and 49 (−x = 23.9 years old ± 6.107 Sd), the vast
majority (64.7%) are females. Results show that the presence/severity of suicidal thoughts is low
(−x = 13.84; ± 20.29 Sd) on a scale from 0 to 180 and cut-off point > 41 for values that suggest
potential suicidal risk, and based on that, 84 students were identiied (7.8%). We veriied signiicant
relationships between suicidal ideation and anxiety and attachment (r = 0.314; P = .000).
Conclusions: Although there is not a high prevalence of suicidal ideation on students, we found
84 students in our sample (7.8%) that reveal a potential risk for suicide. The results also show
that young students with safe attachment patterns display less suicidal ideation. Safe attachment
patterns are essential on interpersonal and social relationships and play an important role
during the academic period.
We cannot be indifferent towards this issue due to its individual, familiar and social repercussions.
Every higher education institution should then establish student support ofices and develop
mental health promotion programs as well as suicide prevention campaigns.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Suicidal ideation Higher education students Attachment patterns
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Aten Primaria. 2016;48(Espec Cong 1):157-162