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Publication
As implicações da atualização da Lei da Droga na investigação criminal do tráfico de estupefacientes: Análise comparativa dos Comandos Territoriais da GNR de Braga e Aveiro
Authors
Abreu, Diogo Fernandes de
Abstract(s)
O presente Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada tem como objetivo geral demonstrar os resultados da alteração da Lei da Droga, pela publicação da Lei n.º 55/2023, de 08 de setembro, na atividade de investigação criminal do tráfico de estupefacientes pela Guarda Nacional Republicana.
Tendo em vista a prossecução desse objetivo, tomaram-se opções metodológicas que permitissem observar o problema através de várias perspetivas. Nesse sentido, a investigação recorreu ao método de abordagem indutivo e à estratégia mista, com um desenho de pesquisa comparativo entre os Comandos Territoriais de Braga e de Aveiro. Além da pesquisa documental e bibliográfica elaborada no enquadramento teórico, o investigador recorreu à prossecução de entrevistas a entidades, tais como Procuradores da República, representantes das Comissões para a Dissuasão e Toxicodependência e chefes das Secções de Informação e Investigação Criminal das duas áreas em estudo; ao questionário dirigido aos militares adstritos à estrutura da Investigação Criminal; e, à observação não-participante dos registos policiais relativos à posse de droga, como autos de notícia, autos de consumo, detenções e quantidade de droga apreendida.
Dos resultados obtidos, apurou-se que a Guarda Nacional Republicana se adaptou de diferentes formas à entrada em vigor da Lei n.º 55/2023. Os Comandos Territoriais, na sua coordenação com o Ministério Público, estabeleceram procedimentos diferentes para a mesma situação, nomeadamente no que toca à detenção dos suspeitos. Também se verificou o aumento da quantidade média de estupefaciente apreendido por indivíduo, o que acarreta problemas sociais e policiais. Esta nova Lei levou a que as Autoridades Judiciárias diminuíssem o número de inquéritos pendentes neste âmbito, o que resulta na vantagem de esta e, consequentemente, as polícias passarem a ter mais tempo e meios disponíveis para a investigação de inquéritos mais relevantes.
Em suma, a Lei n.º 55/2023 criou a premência nas polícias em recolherem exaustivamente os elementos indiciários que estabeleçam a produção de prova e, consequentemente, auxiliem as Autoridades Judiciárias na classificação dos suspeitos como traficantes ou meros consumidores.
The general aim of this applied research work is to demonstrate the results of the amendment to the Drugs Act, by Law 55/2023 of 8 September, on the criminal investigation of drug trafficking by the National Republican Guard. In order to fulfil this objective, methodological choices were made that allowed the problem to be observed from various perspectives. In this sense, the research used an inductive approach and a mixed strategy, with a comparative research design between the Territorial Commands of Braga and Aveiro. In addition to the documentary and bibliographical research elaborated in the theoretical framework, the researcher used interviews with organisations such as Public Prosecutors, representatives of the Commissions for Drug Deterrence and Addiction and the heads of the Information and Criminal Investigation Sections of both areas under study; a questionnaire addressed to the military personnel assigned to the Criminal Investigation structure; and non-participant observation of police records relating to drug possession, such as criminal reports, consumption reports, arrests and the quantity of drugs seized. From the results obtained, it can be seen that the National Republican Guard has adapted in different ways to the implementation of Law 55/2023. The Territorial Commands, in their coordination with the Public Prosecutor's Office, have established different procedures for the same situation, particularly when it comes to arresting suspects. There has also been an increase in the average amount of drugs seized per individual, which causes social and police problems. This new law has led the judicial authorities to reduce the number of pending enquiries in this context, with the result that it and, consequently, the police will have more time and resources available to investigate more relevant enquiries. In short, Law 55/2023 has created an urgent need for the police to exhaustively collect the indicative elements that establish the production of probative evidence and, consequently, assist the judicial authorities in classifying suspects as traffickers or as mere consumers.
The general aim of this applied research work is to demonstrate the results of the amendment to the Drugs Act, by Law 55/2023 of 8 September, on the criminal investigation of drug trafficking by the National Republican Guard. In order to fulfil this objective, methodological choices were made that allowed the problem to be observed from various perspectives. In this sense, the research used an inductive approach and a mixed strategy, with a comparative research design between the Territorial Commands of Braga and Aveiro. In addition to the documentary and bibliographical research elaborated in the theoretical framework, the researcher used interviews with organisations such as Public Prosecutors, representatives of the Commissions for Drug Deterrence and Addiction and the heads of the Information and Criminal Investigation Sections of both areas under study; a questionnaire addressed to the military personnel assigned to the Criminal Investigation structure; and non-participant observation of police records relating to drug possession, such as criminal reports, consumption reports, arrests and the quantity of drugs seized. From the results obtained, it can be seen that the National Republican Guard has adapted in different ways to the implementation of Law 55/2023. The Territorial Commands, in their coordination with the Public Prosecutor's Office, have established different procedures for the same situation, particularly when it comes to arresting suspects. There has also been an increase in the average amount of drugs seized per individual, which causes social and police problems. This new law has led the judicial authorities to reduce the number of pending enquiries in this context, with the result that it and, consequently, the police will have more time and resources available to investigate more relevant enquiries. In short, Law 55/2023 has created an urgent need for the police to exhaustively collect the indicative elements that establish the production of probative evidence and, consequently, assist the judicial authorities in classifying suspects as traffickers or as mere consumers.
Description
Keywords
Drogas Tráfico Consumo Descriminalização do consumo Drugs Trafficking Consumption Decriminalisation of consumption