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Publication
O Uso dos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica como Meio de Predição de Crimes cometidos em Ambiente Rodoviário
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Authors
Ramos, João Pedro da Silva
Abstract(s)
A evolução tecnológica que temos vindo a assistir tem permitido desenvolver um conjunto de tarefas de forma rápida e automatizada que até então não era possível concretizar, nomeadamente tarefas que inevitavelmente necessitam de ser efetuadas de forma célere e assertiva. Perante isto, é impreterível que as entidades que promovem a segurança e o bem-estar da sociedade acompanhem o normal desenvolvimento tecnológico e se posicionem na vanguarda da “Era Digital”, acompanhando as funcionalidades que as novas tecnologias nos disponibilizam.
A presente investigação aborda “O Uso dos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica como Meio de Predição de Crimes cometidos em Ambiente Rodoviário”, procurando evidenciar as vantagens que os Sistemas de Informação Geográfica e a Inteligência Artificial apresentam no combate à Criminalidade cometida em Ambiente Rodoviário. Desta forma, este estudo procurou acrescentar novos conhecimentos ao nível tecnológico à especialização de Trânsito da Guarda Nacional Republicana no contexto da Investigação Criminal.
Inicialmente, procedemos a uma contextualização teórica dos conceitos relativos às matérias em análise, bem como o respetivo enquadramento legal e institucional. Posteriormente abordamos ainda algumas medidas de combate à Criminalidade cometida em Ambiente Rodoviário implementadas em Portugal.
Em termos metodológicos recorremos a uma abordagem qualitativa que culminou na recolha de dados através da análise de literatura e da análise de inquéritos por entrevista a diversas entidades, pautando-se por um método indutivo, na medida em que alcançamos uma teoria holística com base na análise de dados particulares.
Por conseguinte, foi possivel verificar que os Sistemas de Informação Geográfica e a Inteligência Artificial apresentam diversas vantagens no âmbito do combate à Criminalidade cometida em Ambiente Rodoviário, designadamente o processamento de uma significativa quantidade de informação de forma célere e completa, bem como a respetiva representação gráfica em termos geográficos. Desta forma, estas tecnologias quando combinadas podem contribuir para a aquisição de um sistema preditivo de crimes rodoviários que permite adotar medidas de repressão adequadas, empenhar meios de forma eficiente e consequentemente aumentar a segurança no meio rodoviário.
The technological evolution we have been witnessing has made possible to carry out a number of tasks quickly and automatically that were previously impossible, particularly tasks that inevitably need to be carried out quickly and assertively. In view of this, it is imperative that the entities that promote the safety and well-being of society keep up with normal technological development and position themselves at the forefront of the “Digital Age”, keeping up with the functionalities that new technologies make available to us. This research study addresses "The Use of Geographic Information Systems as a Means of Predicting Crimes Committed on Roads", seeking to highlight the advantages of Geographic Information Systems and Artificial Intelligence in combating crime committed on roads. In this way, this study sought to add new technological knowledge to the National Republican Guard's Traffic department in the context of criminal investigation. Initially, we proceeded with a theoretical contextualization of the concepts relating to the matters under analysis, as well as the respective legal and institutional framework. We then discuss some of the measures implemented in Portugal to combat road crime. In methodological terms, we used a qualitative approach that culminated in data collection through literature analysis and the analysis of interview surveys with various entities, based on an inductive method, in that we reached a holistic theory based on the analysis of particular data. As a result, it was possible to verify that Geographic Information Systems and Artificial Intelligence have several advantages in the fight against road crime, namely the processing of a significant amount of information quickly and completely, as well as its graphic representation in geographical terms. In this way, when combined, these technologies can contribute to the acquisition of a predictive system for road crime that allows appropriate repression measures to be adopted, resources to be deployed efficiently and, consequently, road safety to be increased.
The technological evolution we have been witnessing has made possible to carry out a number of tasks quickly and automatically that were previously impossible, particularly tasks that inevitably need to be carried out quickly and assertively. In view of this, it is imperative that the entities that promote the safety and well-being of society keep up with normal technological development and position themselves at the forefront of the “Digital Age”, keeping up with the functionalities that new technologies make available to us. This research study addresses "The Use of Geographic Information Systems as a Means of Predicting Crimes Committed on Roads", seeking to highlight the advantages of Geographic Information Systems and Artificial Intelligence in combating crime committed on roads. In this way, this study sought to add new technological knowledge to the National Republican Guard's Traffic department in the context of criminal investigation. Initially, we proceeded with a theoretical contextualization of the concepts relating to the matters under analysis, as well as the respective legal and institutional framework. We then discuss some of the measures implemented in Portugal to combat road crime. In methodological terms, we used a qualitative approach that culminated in data collection through literature analysis and the analysis of interview surveys with various entities, based on an inductive method, in that we reached a holistic theory based on the analysis of particular data. As a result, it was possible to verify that Geographic Information Systems and Artificial Intelligence have several advantages in the fight against road crime, namely the processing of a significant amount of information quickly and completely, as well as its graphic representation in geographical terms. In this way, when combined, these technologies can contribute to the acquisition of a predictive system for road crime that allows appropriate repression measures to be adopted, resources to be deployed efficiently and, consequently, road safety to be increased.
Description
Keywords
Guarda Nacional Republicana Inteligência Artificial Investigação Criminal Sistemas de Informação Geográfica Trânsito Artificial Intelligence Criminal Investigation Geographic Information Systems Traffic