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Financial and Environmental Sustainability Analysis - Criteria for Evaluating the Aerotropolis Development
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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação investiga a interação entre a sustentabilidade financeira e ambiental no modelo
de aerotropolis, com foco nos principais aeroportos que gerem mais de 40 milhões de
passageiros anualmente. Utilizando uma combinação de Análise de Envolvimento de Dados
(DEA) e análise SWOT, a pesquisa avalia a eficiência das medidas de sustentabilidade e os
seus impactos no desempenho operacional e financeiro. O estudo abrange dados de 2018 a
2023, excluindo os anos de pandemia de 2020 e 2021, para garantir insights confiáveis.
Os resultados revelam padrões diversificados de eficiência entre os aeroportos, com os mais
eficientes beneficiando-se de políticas de sustentabilidade proativas e da priorização estratégica
de metas ambientais. Estes aeroportos integram medidas como a adoção de energias renováveis,
redução de resíduos e iniciativas de neutralidade carbónica nas suas operações, demonstrando
uma ligação clara entre estruturas robustas de sustentabilidade e melhores resultados
operacionais. Por outro lado, os aeroportos com pontuações de eficiência mais baixas enfrentam
desafios como infraestruturas desatualizadas, restrições financeiras e objetivos estratégicos
desalinhados, evidenciando áreas que necessitam de melhorias específicas.
Os contextos regulatórios emergem como influenciadores cruciais, com aeroportos em regiões
regidas por políticas ambientais rigorosas a alcançarem maior eficiência. Estes resultados
sublinham a importância de quadros regulamentares coesos e da harmonização de políticas
globais no avanço das iniciativas de sustentabilidade. No entanto, os elevados custos iniciais de
implementação e as políticas internacionais inconsistentes permanecem como barreiras
significativas à adoção generalizada de práticas sustentáveis.
O estudo contribui para a literatura ao introduzir o modelo Environmental and Financial
Sustainability Impact on Aerotropolis Model (EFSI.OAM), que fornece uma estrutura
abrangente para avaliar o impacto dual da sustentabilidade nos resultados ambientais e
financeiros. As recomendações incluem alinhar incentivos regulamentares com estratégias
operacionais, fomentar avanços tecnológicos e promover a colaboração entre partes
interessadas para alcançar um crescimento equilibrado.
Esta pesquisa destaca a necessidade de integrar considerações ambientais no planeamento
financeiro e operacional para assegurar a viabilidade a longo prazo do modelo de aerotropolis.
Ao abordar ineficiências e aproveitar oportunidades, os aeroportos podem alcançar um
desenvolvimento sustentável, atendendo às exigências de um setor da aviação global em rápida
evolução.
This dissertation investigates the interplay between financial and environmental sustainability within the aerotropolis model, focusing on major airports managing over 40 million passengers annually. Employing a combination of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and SWOT analysis, the research evaluates the efficiency of sustainability measures and their impacts on operational and financial performance. The study encompasses data from 2018 to 2023, excluding the pandemic years of 2020 and 2021 to ensure reliable insights. The findings reveal diverse efficiency patterns across airports, with consistently high performers benefitting from proactive sustainability policies and strategic prioritization of environmental goals. Efficient airports integrate measures such as renewable energy adoption, waste reduction, and carbon neutrality initiatives into their operations, demonstrating a clear link between robust sustainability frameworks and improved operational outcomes. Conversely, airports with lower efficiency scores face challenges such as outdated infrastructure, financial constraints, and misaligned strategic objectives, highlighting areas for targeted improvement. Regulatory environments emerged as critical influencers, with airports in regions governed by rigorous environmental policies achieving higher efficiency. These findings underscore the importance of cohesive regulatory frameworks and global policy harmonization in advancing sustainability initiatives. High initial implementation costs and inconsistent international policies, however, remain significant barriers to the widespread adoption of sustainable practices. The study contributes to the literature by introducing the Environmental and Financial Sustainability Impact on Aerotropolis Model (EFSI.OAM), which provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating the dual impact of sustainability on environmental and financial outcomes. Recommendations include aligning regulatory incentives with operational strategies, fostering technological advancements, and promoting stakeholder collaboration to achieve balanced growth. This research highlights the necessity of integrating environmental considerations into financial and operational planning to ensure the long-term viability of the aerotropolis model. By addressing inefficiencies and leveraging opportunities, airports can achieve sustainable development while meeting the demands of a rapidly evolving global aviation landscape.
This dissertation investigates the interplay between financial and environmental sustainability within the aerotropolis model, focusing on major airports managing over 40 million passengers annually. Employing a combination of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and SWOT analysis, the research evaluates the efficiency of sustainability measures and their impacts on operational and financial performance. The study encompasses data from 2018 to 2023, excluding the pandemic years of 2020 and 2021 to ensure reliable insights. The findings reveal diverse efficiency patterns across airports, with consistently high performers benefitting from proactive sustainability policies and strategic prioritization of environmental goals. Efficient airports integrate measures such as renewable energy adoption, waste reduction, and carbon neutrality initiatives into their operations, demonstrating a clear link between robust sustainability frameworks and improved operational outcomes. Conversely, airports with lower efficiency scores face challenges such as outdated infrastructure, financial constraints, and misaligned strategic objectives, highlighting areas for targeted improvement. Regulatory environments emerged as critical influencers, with airports in regions governed by rigorous environmental policies achieving higher efficiency. These findings underscore the importance of cohesive regulatory frameworks and global policy harmonization in advancing sustainability initiatives. High initial implementation costs and inconsistent international policies, however, remain significant barriers to the widespread adoption of sustainable practices. The study contributes to the literature by introducing the Environmental and Financial Sustainability Impact on Aerotropolis Model (EFSI.OAM), which provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating the dual impact of sustainability on environmental and financial outcomes. Recommendations include aligning regulatory incentives with operational strategies, fostering technological advancements, and promoting stakeholder collaboration to achieve balanced growth. This research highlights the necessity of integrating environmental considerations into financial and operational planning to ensure the long-term viability of the aerotropolis model. By addressing inefficiencies and leveraging opportunities, airports can achieve sustainable development while meeting the demands of a rapidly evolving global aviation landscape.