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Intervenções do enfermeiro de reabilitação à pessoa submetida a cirurgia abdominal
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Abstract(s)
O contínuo incremento da atividade cirúrgica em Portugal, de 7% em 2022, surge no
sentido de dar resposta às necessidades da população envelhecida e com incidência
crescente de doença oncológica.
A cirurgia abdominal consiste num ato médico de grande impacto, capaz de
transformações profundas, físicas e psicológicas, na vida da pessoa. As complicações pósoperatórias interferem negativamente na recuperação funcional, sendo as pulmonares as
mais desafiantes para a saúde.
A teoria das transições de Afaf Meleis foi o referencial teórico que norteou este relatório.
A problemática deste centrou-se na identificação de intervenções de Enfermagem de
Reabilitação, que visassem otimizar a capacidade funcional da pessoa submetida a
cirurgia abdominal, ao longo do período peri-operatório. Como contributo realizou-se
uma revisão scoping sobre a intervenção do enfermeiro de reabilitação na mobilização
precoce.
Compete ao Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação, dotado de
competências específicas, capaz de cuidar da pessoa, ao longo de todo o seu ciclo de vida,
transitoriamente incapacitada, a implementação estruturada e precoce de um programa de
reabilitação, que contemple exercícios de reeducação funcional respiratória e motora,
centrados tanto em intervenções terapêuticas como preventivas, com a finalidade de
garantir a manutenção ou recuperação funcional e prevenir complicações pós-operatórias,
promovendo ganhos em saúde como, incremento da independência, da autonomia,
reduzindo o tempo de internamento, promovendo a qualidade de vida.
A elaboração deste relatório permitiu uma análise reflexiva, descrevendo e
fundamentando, as intervenções implementadas no decorrer dos ensinos clínicos que
conduziram ao desenvolvimento das competências comuns e específicas em Enfermagem
de Reabilitação.
The continuous increase in surgical activity in Portugal, of 7% in 2022, appears to respond to the needs of the aging population and with an increasing incidence of oncological disease. Abdominal surgery consists of a medical procedure with great impact, capable of profound physical and psychological transformations in a person's life. Postoperative complications negatively interfere with functional recovery, with pulmonary complications being the most challenging for health. Afaf Meleis' theory of transitions was the theoretical framework that guided this report. This problem focused on identifying Rehabilitation Nursing interventions, which aimed to optimize the functional capacity of the person undergoing abdominal surgery, throughout the peri-operative period. As a contribution, a scoping review was carried out on rehabilitaton nurse intervention in early mobilization. The Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing, endowed with specific skills, capable of caring for the person, throughout their entire life cycle, who is temporarily disabled, is responsible for the structured and early implementation of a rehabilitation program, which includes exercises respiratory and motor functional re-education, focused on both therapeutic and preventive interventions, with the purpose of guaranteeing functional maintenance or recovery and preventing postoperative complications, promoting health gains such as increasing independence, autonomy, reducing hospitalization time , promoting quality of life. The preparation of this report allowed a reflective analysis, describing and justifying the interventions implemented during clinical teaching that led to the development of common and specific skills in Rehabilitation Nursing.
The continuous increase in surgical activity in Portugal, of 7% in 2022, appears to respond to the needs of the aging population and with an increasing incidence of oncological disease. Abdominal surgery consists of a medical procedure with great impact, capable of profound physical and psychological transformations in a person's life. Postoperative complications negatively interfere with functional recovery, with pulmonary complications being the most challenging for health. Afaf Meleis' theory of transitions was the theoretical framework that guided this report. This problem focused on identifying Rehabilitation Nursing interventions, which aimed to optimize the functional capacity of the person undergoing abdominal surgery, throughout the peri-operative period. As a contribution, a scoping review was carried out on rehabilitaton nurse intervention in early mobilization. The Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing, endowed with specific skills, capable of caring for the person, throughout their entire life cycle, who is temporarily disabled, is responsible for the structured and early implementation of a rehabilitation program, which includes exercises respiratory and motor functional re-education, focused on both therapeutic and preventive interventions, with the purpose of guaranteeing functional maintenance or recovery and preventing postoperative complications, promoting health gains such as increasing independence, autonomy, reducing hospitalization time , promoting quality of life. The preparation of this report allowed a reflective analysis, describing and justifying the interventions implemented during clinical teaching that led to the development of common and specific skills in Rehabilitation Nursing.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem de reabilitação cirurgia abdominal intervenções de enfermagem rehabilitation nursing abdominal surgery nursing interventions