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Planeamento e implementação de um sistema de recolha de biorresíduos no Município de Cantanhede
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| 2.56 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O presente relatório de estágio explora a implementação e a análise de eficiência do sistema de recolha de biorresíduos no município de Cantanhede, no distrito de Coimbra, sublinhando a importância desta categoria de resíduos sólidos urbanos no contexto da sustentabilidade ambiental e da obrigatoriedade imposta pela UE da implementação de sistemas de recolha seletiva de biorresíduos.A revisão bibliográfica realça a necessidade de sistemas eficientes de recolha para maximizar o potencial dos biorresíduos, contribuindo para a prevenção da poluição, preservação da biodiversidade e combate às alterações climáticas. A análise revela desafios inerentes à implementação do sistema, incluindo a baixa adesão inicial, a necessidade de ajustes operacionais e de sensibilização para aumentar a eficiência e participação. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste na realização de vários cenários de implementação de um sistema de recolha seletiva de biorresíduos no município de Cantanhede, em função do indicador de avaliação da ERSAR.Através de uma abordagem metodológica que inclui a caracterização do município, a definição de objetivos específicos, a aplicação de tecnologias de sistemas de apoio à decisão (SAD), e a execução de um projeto piloto, o estudo visa a otimização da recolha de biorresíduos de acordo com os requisitos da Diretiva 2018/851 da União Europeia.Os resultados indicam que, apesar dos desafios, a implementação de um sistema de recolha de biorresíduos que abrange a totalidade do município, poderá não ser o mais eficiente a nível ambiental e financeiro, devido às características rurais presentes em grande parte do concelho. Segundo os resultados obtidos, com a reduzida adesão atual do sistema, seria mais rentável, a nível de emissões GEE e controlo de custos de implementação e de operação, que este sistema tivesse sido dimensionado de forma mais reduzida e focada em zonas predominantemente urbanas. A reduzida sensibilização dos munícipes, a falta de recompensas e a dificuldade tecnológica que existe ao aceder aos contentores de recolha seletiva, por parte de cidadãos que não sejam tão tecnologicamente adaptados, poderão ser a causa da baixa adesão ao sistema.
The present internship report explores the implementation and efficiency analysis of the organic waste collection system in the municipality of Cantanhede, in the district of Coimbra, highlighting the importance of this category of urban solid waste in the context of environmental sustainability and the mandatory requirement imposed by the EU for the implementation of selective collection systems for organic waste.The literature review emphasizes the need for efficient collection systems to maximize thepotential of organic waste, contributing to pollution prevention, biodiversity preservation, andcombating climate change. The analysis reveals challenges inherent in the system's implementation, including low initial adherence, the need for operational adjustments, and awareness-raising to increase efficiency and participation.The objective of this work is to carry out various implementation scenarios of an organicwaste selective collection system in the municipality of Cantanhede, based on the assessmentindicator of ERSAR.Through a methodological approach that includes the characterization of the municipality,the definition of specific objectives, the application of decision support system (DSS) technologies,and the execution of a pilot project, the study aims to optimize the collection of organic wasteaccording to the requirements of EU Directive 2018/851.The results indicate that, despite the challenges, implementing a municipalwide organicwaste collection system may not be the most environmentally and financially efficient, due to therural characteristics present in much of the municipality. According to the results obtained, given the current low adherence to the system, it would be more cost-effective in terms of GHG emissions and cost control of implementation and operation if this system had been sized smaller and focused on predominantly urban areas. The limited awareness of citizens, lack of rewards, and technological difficulties in accessing selective collection containers, especially for citizens who are not as technologically adapted, may be the cause of low adherence to the system.
The present internship report explores the implementation and efficiency analysis of the organic waste collection system in the municipality of Cantanhede, in the district of Coimbra, highlighting the importance of this category of urban solid waste in the context of environmental sustainability and the mandatory requirement imposed by the EU for the implementation of selective collection systems for organic waste.The literature review emphasizes the need for efficient collection systems to maximize thepotential of organic waste, contributing to pollution prevention, biodiversity preservation, andcombating climate change. The analysis reveals challenges inherent in the system's implementation, including low initial adherence, the need for operational adjustments, and awareness-raising to increase efficiency and participation.The objective of this work is to carry out various implementation scenarios of an organicwaste selective collection system in the municipality of Cantanhede, based on the assessmentindicator of ERSAR.Through a methodological approach that includes the characterization of the municipality,the definition of specific objectives, the application of decision support system (DSS) technologies,and the execution of a pilot project, the study aims to optimize the collection of organic wasteaccording to the requirements of EU Directive 2018/851.The results indicate that, despite the challenges, implementing a municipalwide organicwaste collection system may not be the most environmentally and financially efficient, due to therural characteristics present in much of the municipality. According to the results obtained, given the current low adherence to the system, it would be more cost-effective in terms of GHG emissions and cost control of implementation and operation if this system had been sized smaller and focused on predominantly urban areas. The limited awareness of citizens, lack of rewards, and technological difficulties in accessing selective collection containers, especially for citizens who are not as technologically adapted, may be the cause of low adherence to the system.
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Keywords
Sistema de recolha de biorresíduos Cantanhede Resíduos sólidos urbanos Sistema de apoio à decisão Diretiva 2018/851 da União Europeia