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Publication
Doença periodontal e o parto prematuro
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| 1.7 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As doenças periodontais são tidas como infeções de origem bacteriana que afetam o periodonto, que inclui as estruturas de suporte dos dentes, nomeadamente a gengiva, o osso alveolar, o ligamento periodontal e o cimento radicular, possuindo como agente etiológico determinante a presença de placa bacteriana.
Há tempo considerável que se reconhece a influência de fatores sistémicos variados sobre a saúde da cavidade oral, inclusive sobre o estabelecimento e possível progressão da doença periodontal.
No entanto, ao longo dos últimos anos, inúmeros estudos têm sido realizados na tentativa de inferir acerca da possível existência de correlação entre a presença de doença periodontal materna e a ocorrência de partos prematuros, tentando assim compreender se esta patologia oral pode ou não ter influência a nível sistémico, neste caso, a nível gestacional, período fisiológico no qual ocorrem importantes alterações a nível endócrino e imunológico.
A translocação hemática dos microrganismos implicados na patogénese da doença periodontal para a cavidade uterina, assim como a contínua produção de mediadores inflamatórios fetotóxicos seriam, no fundo, a base para esta possível relação de causalidade.
Tendo em conta a literatura existente, este trabalho pretende reunir as principais conclusões acerca da possível ligação entre a doença periodontal e o risco de ocorrência de partos prematuros.
Periodontal diseases are considered to be infections of bacterial origin which affect the periodontium, including the supporting structures of the teeth, namely the gum, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and root cement, having as a determining etiological agent, the presence of bacterial plaque. For a long time one has been recognising the influence of various systemic factors on oral cavity health, including the establishment and possible progression of periodontal disease. However, over the last few years, numerous studies have been done in an attempt to infer about the possible connection between the presence of maternal periodontal disease and the occurrence of premature births. One is trying to understand whether or not this oral pathology may have an influence at a systemic level, in this case, at a pregnancy level as in this physiological period of time, important changes may occur at an endocrine and immunological level. The hematic translocation of the microorganisms implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease into the uterine cavity, as well as the continued production of fetotoxic inflammatory mediators, could be the reason for this cause-effect relation. Taking into consideration everything that has been written on the subject, this work aims to gather the main conclusions about the possible connection between periodontal disease and the risk of premature birth.
Periodontal diseases are considered to be infections of bacterial origin which affect the periodontium, including the supporting structures of the teeth, namely the gum, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and root cement, having as a determining etiological agent, the presence of bacterial plaque. For a long time one has been recognising the influence of various systemic factors on oral cavity health, including the establishment and possible progression of periodontal disease. However, over the last few years, numerous studies have been done in an attempt to infer about the possible connection between the presence of maternal periodontal disease and the occurrence of premature births. One is trying to understand whether or not this oral pathology may have an influence at a systemic level, in this case, at a pregnancy level as in this physiological period of time, important changes may occur at an endocrine and immunological level. The hematic translocation of the microorganisms implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease into the uterine cavity, as well as the continued production of fetotoxic inflammatory mediators, could be the reason for this cause-effect relation. Taking into consideration everything that has been written on the subject, this work aims to gather the main conclusions about the possible connection between periodontal disease and the risk of premature birth.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Doença periodontal Gravidez Periodonto Parto prematuro