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Avaliação do impacto dos contraceptivos orais sobre o periodonto em pacientes da clínica dentária Egas Moniz
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Resumo(s)
A saúde periodontal resulta de um equilíbrio complexo entre fatores locais e sistémicos.
Entre estes, as hormonas sexuais femininas exercem uma influência significativa, devido à sua capacidade de modular a resposta inflamatória, a vascularização gengival e a composição da microbiota oral. A administração exógena destas hormonas, através dos contraceptivos orais, tem despertado um interesse crescente relativamente aos seus possíveis efeitos sobre os tecidos periodontais.
Objetivos: Avaliar a saúde periodontal das pacientes que tomam contraceptivos orais há mais de cinco anos e compará-la com a saúde periodontal das pacientes que os tomam há menos de cinco anos.
Avaliar o impacto das hormonas sexuais femininas exógenas sobre a saúde periodontal. Materiais e métodos: Neste estudo, foi aplicado um questionário (com variáveis socioeconómicas e os contracetivos orais) seguido de um exame clínico periodontal completo em 40 pacientes do sexo feminino, com idade mínima de 18 anos, que frequentavam a clínica dentária Egas Moniz e que consentiram a sua participação previamente aprovada pela Comissão de Ética da Egas Moniz School of Health & Science. Estas 40 pacientes, foram subdivididas em 2 grupos de acordo com o tempo da administração do contraceptivo oral e posteriormente foi determinado o impacto do contraceptivo oral nesta população.
Resultados: Entre todos os parâmetros periodontais avaliados, o único que demonstrou uma diferença significativa foi o nível de inserção periodontal (NIP) entre os dois grupos, sendo mais elevado no grupo que tomava contraceptivos orais há mais de cinco anos.
Observou-se uma relação entre o tempo de administração de contraceptivo oral e a saúde periodontal.
Conclusão: Embora o estudo sugira uma relação entre a saúde periodontal e a toma de contraceptivos orais, é necessário aprofundar a investigação sobre este tema com amostras de maiores dimensões e com períodos de observação mais longos.
Periodontal health is the result of a complex balance between local and systemic factors. Among these, female sex hormones exert a significant influence, due to their ability to modulate the inflammatory response, gingival vascularization and the composition of the oral microbiota. The exogenous administration of these hormones through oral contraceptives has sparked growing interest in their possible effects on periodontal tissues. Objectives: To assess the periodontal health of patients who have been taking oral contraceptives for more than five years and compare it with the periodontal health of patients who have been taking them for less than five years. To assess the impact of exogenous female sex hormones on periodontal health. Materials and methods: In this study, a questionnaire was administered (with socioeconomic variables and oral contraceptives) followed by a complete clinical periodontal examination in 40 female patients, aged at least 18 years, who attended the Egas Moniz dental clinic and who consented to their participation previously approved by the Ethics Committee of the Egas Moniz School of Health & Science. These 40 patients were subdivided into 2 groups according to the length of time they had been taking the oral contraceptive and the impact of the oral contraceptive on this population was subsequently determined. Results: Of all the periodontal parameters assessed, the only one that showed a significant difference was the clinical attachment level (CAL) between the two groups, which was higher in the group that had been taking oral contraceptives for more than five years. There was a relationship between the length of time oral contraceptives had been taken and periodontal health. Conclusion: Although the study suggests a relationship between periodontal health and taking oral contraceptives, further research on this subject is needed with larger samples and longer observation periods.
Periodontal health is the result of a complex balance between local and systemic factors. Among these, female sex hormones exert a significant influence, due to their ability to modulate the inflammatory response, gingival vascularization and the composition of the oral microbiota. The exogenous administration of these hormones through oral contraceptives has sparked growing interest in their possible effects on periodontal tissues. Objectives: To assess the periodontal health of patients who have been taking oral contraceptives for more than five years and compare it with the periodontal health of patients who have been taking them for less than five years. To assess the impact of exogenous female sex hormones on periodontal health. Materials and methods: In this study, a questionnaire was administered (with socioeconomic variables and oral contraceptives) followed by a complete clinical periodontal examination in 40 female patients, aged at least 18 years, who attended the Egas Moniz dental clinic and who consented to their participation previously approved by the Ethics Committee of the Egas Moniz School of Health & Science. These 40 patients were subdivided into 2 groups according to the length of time they had been taking the oral contraceptive and the impact of the oral contraceptive on this population was subsequently determined. Results: Of all the periodontal parameters assessed, the only one that showed a significant difference was the clinical attachment level (CAL) between the two groups, which was higher in the group that had been taking oral contraceptives for more than five years. There was a relationship between the length of time oral contraceptives had been taken and periodontal health. Conclusion: Although the study suggests a relationship between periodontal health and taking oral contraceptives, further research on this subject is needed with larger samples and longer observation periods.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Contraceptivos orais Periodonto Pílula Inflamação gengival