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Prevalência de bruxismo da vigilia e disfunção temporomandibular, em jogadores de desportos eletrónicos (e-sports) streamers
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introdução. A profissionalização dos esportes eletrônicos (Esports) e do streaming introduziu novos desafios para a saúde física e mental dos jogadores, incluindo estresse crônico, interrupção do sono e disfunção relacionada à dor. Esses fatores também estão associados ao bruxismo e às disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM). Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência de bruxismo e DTM em jogadores de Esports e explorar associações com variáveis psicossomáticas e relacionadas ao jogo.
Métodos. Foi realizado um estudo transversal entre 97 jogadores e streamers de Esports que completaram a triagem de instrumentos validados de autorrelato para DTM (TMD pain-screener), bruxismo, dados sociodemográficos, comportamentos orais (OBC), qualidade do sono (PSQI), estresse (PSS), ansiedade (GAD-7), sintomas somáticos (PHQ-15), vigilância da dor (PVAQ) e hábitos de jogo/streaming incluídos e quationário on-line. Além dos testes estatísticos padrão, a análise ortogonal parcial de mínimos quadrados-discriminantes (OPLS-DA) foi aplicada para identificar diferenças de grupo e associações multivariadas.
Resultados. Aproximadamente metade dos participantes apresentaram DTM (49,5%), e 78,4% relataram possível bruxismo. O aumento das horas diárias de jogo foi significativamente correlacionado com maior estresse percebido e parafunções orais. Análises multivariadas mostraram que ansiedade, sintomas somáticos, sono ruim e estresse contribuíram significativamente para distinguir aqueles com DTM, aqueles com bruxismo do sono e bruxismo da vigilia, dos controles e aqueles com apenas bruxismo acordado.
Conclusão. DTM e bruxismo são altamente prevalentes entre jogadores de Esports e streamers. A maior exposição diária ao jogo está ligada ao stress psicossomático e a comportamentos orais associados ao risco de desenvolver DTM. Indivíduos com bruxismo do sono e/ou DTM podem representar um subgrupo particularmente vulnerável, destacando a necessidade de rastreamento precoce e estratégias preventivas direcionadas dentro dessa crescente população de atletas digitais.
Background. The professionalization of electronic sports (Esports) and streaming has introduced new challenges to the physical and mental health of players, including chronic stress, sleep disruption, and pain-related dysfunction. These factors are also associated with bruxism and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of bruxism and TMD in Esports players and explore associations with psychosomatic and gaming-related variables. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 97 Esports players and streamers who completed validated self-report screening instruments for TMD (TMD pain screener), bruxism, sociodemographic data, oral behaviors (OBC), sleep quality (PSQI), stress (PSS), anxiety (GAD-7), somatic symptoms (PHQ-15), pain vigilance (PVAQ), and gaming/streaming habits. In addition to standard statistical tests, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was applied to identify group differences and multivariate associations. Results. Nearly half of the participants tested positive for TMD (49.5%), and 78.4% reported possible bruxism. Increased daily gaming hours were significantly correlated with higher perceived stress and oral parafunctions. Multivariate analyses showed that anxiety, somatic symptoms, poor sleep, and stress significantly contributed to distinguishing those with TMD and those with combined sleep and awake bruxism from controls and those with only awake bruxism. Conclusion. TMD and bruxism are highly prevalent among Esports players and streamers. Greater daily exposure to gaming is linked to psychosomatic stress and oral behaviors associated with TMD risk. Individuals with sleep bruxism and/or TMD may represent a particularly vulnerable subgroup, highlighting the need for early screening and targeted preventive strategies within this growing population of digital athletes.
Background. The professionalization of electronic sports (Esports) and streaming has introduced new challenges to the physical and mental health of players, including chronic stress, sleep disruption, and pain-related dysfunction. These factors are also associated with bruxism and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of bruxism and TMD in Esports players and explore associations with psychosomatic and gaming-related variables. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 97 Esports players and streamers who completed validated self-report screening instruments for TMD (TMD pain screener), bruxism, sociodemographic data, oral behaviors (OBC), sleep quality (PSQI), stress (PSS), anxiety (GAD-7), somatic symptoms (PHQ-15), pain vigilance (PVAQ), and gaming/streaming habits. In addition to standard statistical tests, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was applied to identify group differences and multivariate associations. Results. Nearly half of the participants tested positive for TMD (49.5%), and 78.4% reported possible bruxism. Increased daily gaming hours were significantly correlated with higher perceived stress and oral parafunctions. Multivariate analyses showed that anxiety, somatic symptoms, poor sleep, and stress significantly contributed to distinguishing those with TMD and those with combined sleep and awake bruxism from controls and those with only awake bruxism. Conclusion. TMD and bruxism are highly prevalent among Esports players and streamers. Greater daily exposure to gaming is linked to psychosomatic stress and oral behaviors associated with TMD risk. Individuals with sleep bruxism and/or TMD may represent a particularly vulnerable subgroup, highlighting the need for early screening and targeted preventive strategies within this growing population of digital athletes.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
E-sports Streaming Disfunção temporomandibular Bruxismo