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Periodontite versus diabetes
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução:
A Periodontite e a Diabetes Mellitus sĂŁo doenças inflamatĂłrias crĂłnicas com alta prevalĂȘncia mundial e cuja incidĂȘncia tem vindo a aumentar ao longo dos anos substancialmente na faixa etĂĄria da terceira idade.
Desenvolvimento:
Descreve-se os mecanismos entre a relação da Diabetes Mellitus e a Periodontite e vice-versa. Na hiperglicĂ©mia crĂłnica hĂĄ um aumento da produção de citoquinas, alteração dos AGEs/RAGEs, alteração na apoptose, alteração na função dos polimorfonucleares, causando uma resposta inflamatĂłria descontrolada, com um aumento de citoquinas prĂł-inflamatĂłrias e de metaloproteinases de matriz causando a Doença Periodontal. As alteraçÔes dos tecidos periodontais, causadas pela presença de bactĂ©rias gram negativas, favorece o aumento de mediadores inflamatĂłrios que, por sua vez, desencadeiam um estado inflamatĂłrio sistĂ©mico contribuindo para um descontrolo glicĂ©mico e um aumento da resistĂȘncia Ă insulina.
ConclusĂŁo:
A relação entre Periodontite e Diabetes Mellitus pode ser explicada por teorias relacionadas com os produtos finais da glicosilação avançada, as alteraçÔes na estrutura do colagĂ©nio e a imunidade alterada, que Ă© causada por uma função deficiente dos leucĂłcitos polimorfonucleares. O desequilĂbrio funcional destes componentes pode facilitar a persistĂȘncia de bactĂ©rias nos tecidos e a acumulação de produtos finais da glicosilação avançada, o que pode causar aumento de citoquinas prĂł-inflamatĂłrias e a hiperglicĂ©mia crĂłnica prolongada. O tratamento periodontal tem influĂȘncia positiva no controlo glicĂ©mico baixando os nĂveis da HbA1c.
Introduction: Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus are chronic inflammatory diseases with a high global prevalence and whose incidence has increased over the years substantially in the elderly. Development: Describes the mechanisms between the relationship Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis and vice-versa. In chronic hyperglycemia there is an increase in cytokine production, alteration of AGEs / RAGEs, alteration in apoptosis, alteration in polymorphonuclear function, causing an uncontrolled inflammatory response, with an increase in prokaryotic cytokines, inflammatory and matrix metalloproteinases causing Periodontal Disease. The changes in periodontal tissues, caused by the presence of gram-negative bacteria, induce the increase of inflammatory mediators that, in turn, trigger a systemic inflammatory state contributing to a glycemic control and an increase in resistance to insulin. Conclusion: The relationship between Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus can be explained by theories related to the end products of advanced glycosylation, changes in collagen structure, and altered immunity caused by poor polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. The functional imbalance of these components may facilitate the persistence of bacteria in the tissues and the accumulation of advanced glycosylation end products, which may cause increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and prolonged chronic hyperglycemia. Periodontal treatment has a positive influence on glycemic control by lowering levels of HbA1c.
Introduction: Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus are chronic inflammatory diseases with a high global prevalence and whose incidence has increased over the years substantially in the elderly. Development: Describes the mechanisms between the relationship Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis and vice-versa. In chronic hyperglycemia there is an increase in cytokine production, alteration of AGEs / RAGEs, alteration in apoptosis, alteration in polymorphonuclear function, causing an uncontrolled inflammatory response, with an increase in prokaryotic cytokines, inflammatory and matrix metalloproteinases causing Periodontal Disease. The changes in periodontal tissues, caused by the presence of gram-negative bacteria, induce the increase of inflammatory mediators that, in turn, trigger a systemic inflammatory state contributing to a glycemic control and an increase in resistance to insulin. Conclusion: The relationship between Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus can be explained by theories related to the end products of advanced glycosylation, changes in collagen structure, and altered immunity caused by poor polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. The functional imbalance of these components may facilitate the persistence of bacteria in the tissues and the accumulation of advanced glycosylation end products, which may cause increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and prolonged chronic hyperglycemia. Periodontal treatment has a positive influence on glycemic control by lowering levels of HbA1c.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitårio Egas Moniz
Keywords
Periodontite Diabetes mellitus Relação bidirecional