Loading...
Publication
Perspetivas TerapĂȘuticas Emergentes No Tratamento Da Diabetes Felina
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.71 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Diabetes mellitus Ă© uma sĂndrome cuja terapĂȘutica pode ser considerada como complexa, onerosa
e desafiante pelos tutores. Atualmente, estão recomendadas duas administraçÔes subcutùneas de insulina, em
horĂĄrio especĂfico, para estabilizar os nĂveis de glicose no sangue dos gatos diabĂ©ticos. A monitorização dos nĂveis
de glicose no sangue, exequĂveis atravĂ©s da avaliação de curvas de glicĂ©mia, quer seja em casa ou na clĂnica, Ă©
importante para ajustar a dose de insulina, contudo este procedimento pode ser desconfortĂĄvel tanto para o
animal como para o tutor. Nos Ășltimos anos, a investigação nesta ĂĄrea tem tido como objetivo simplificar a
terapia da Diabetes mellitus, designadamente através das novas insulinas, como a insulina Degludec e a insulina
Glargina 300 U/mL, para reduzir a frequĂȘncia das administraçÔes. Uma das novas abordagens baseia-se no uso
de inibidores do co-transportador sĂłdio-glicose tipo 2, que impedem que a glicose seja reabsorvida pelos rins.
Trata-se de um tratamento oral recentemente comercializado e que evita a necessidade de administraçÔes
subcutùneas. Os anålogos do Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, que são incretinas, também podem ser usados por via
oral. O Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Ă© hormona gastrointestinal libertada apĂłs a ingestĂŁo de alimentos e que estimula
a libertação de insulina. Contudo, estes tratamentos tĂȘm vĂĄrios efeitos adversos, principalmente
gastrointestinais, apesar de contribuĂrem para limitar a variabilidade glicĂ©mica ao longo do dia. Adicionalmente,
os avanços tecnolĂłgicos tĂȘm contribuĂdo para melhorar o controlo domiciliĂĄrio da doença. Atualmente, Ă©
possĂvel utilizar sensores de glicemia, de forma semelhante aos utilizados nos seres humanos, para medição
contĂnua dos nĂveis de glicemia do animal. A perceção dos tutores em relação a esta abordagem Ă© geralmente
mais favoråvel relativamente à curva de glicemia. Por fim, de salientar que estes avanços no tratamento da
Diabetes mellitus tĂȘm contribuĂdo para simplificar a terapĂȘutica, o que aumenta o comprometimento dos
tutores no tratamento da diabetes do seu animal, limitando assim as decisÔes de eutanåsia na altura do
diagnóstico. Contudo, é também evidente que é necessåria mais investigação para melhor compreensão dos
mecanismos subjacentes Ă doença, por forma a identificar potenciais novos alvos terapĂȘuticos.
Feline diabetes is a syndrome whose therapy can be considered complex, costly and challenging by the tutors. Currently, two subcutaneous administrations of insulin are recommended, at a specific time, to stabilize glucose levels in the blood of diabetic cats. Monitoring blood glucose levels, achievable by evaluating blood glucose curves, either at home or in the clinic, is important for adjusting the insulin dose, but this procedure can be uncomfortable for both the animal and the owner. In recent years, research in this area has aimed to simplify the therapy of feline diabetes, specifically through new insulins, such as insulin Degludec and insulin Glargine 300 U/mL, to reduce the frequency of administrations. One of the new approaches is based on the use of sodiumglucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors, which prevent glucose from being reabsorbed by the kidneys. This is a recently marketed oral treatment that avoids the need for subcutaneous administration. Glucagon-Like-Peptide- 1 analogues, which are incretins, can also be used orally. Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 is a gastrointestinal hormone released after eating and which stimulates the release of insulin. However, these treatments have a number of adverse effects, mainly gastrointestinal, although they do help to limit glycemic variability throughout the day. In addition, technological advances have helped to improve home management of the disease. It is now possible to use blood glucose sensors, similar to those used in humans, to continuously measure the animal's blood glucose levels. The owners' perception of this approach is generally more favorable in relation to the blood glucose curve. Finally, it should be noted that these advances in the treatment of feline diabetes have helped to simplify therapy, which increases the commitment of owners to treating their pet's diabetes, thus limiting decisions to euthanize at the time of diagnosis. However, it is also clear that more research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the disease, in order to identify potential new therapeutic targets.
Feline diabetes is a syndrome whose therapy can be considered complex, costly and challenging by the tutors. Currently, two subcutaneous administrations of insulin are recommended, at a specific time, to stabilize glucose levels in the blood of diabetic cats. Monitoring blood glucose levels, achievable by evaluating blood glucose curves, either at home or in the clinic, is important for adjusting the insulin dose, but this procedure can be uncomfortable for both the animal and the owner. In recent years, research in this area has aimed to simplify the therapy of feline diabetes, specifically through new insulins, such as insulin Degludec and insulin Glargine 300 U/mL, to reduce the frequency of administrations. One of the new approaches is based on the use of sodiumglucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors, which prevent glucose from being reabsorbed by the kidneys. This is a recently marketed oral treatment that avoids the need for subcutaneous administration. Glucagon-Like-Peptide- 1 analogues, which are incretins, can also be used orally. Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 is a gastrointestinal hormone released after eating and which stimulates the release of insulin. However, these treatments have a number of adverse effects, mainly gastrointestinal, although they do help to limit glycemic variability throughout the day. In addition, technological advances have helped to improve home management of the disease. It is now possible to use blood glucose sensors, similar to those used in humans, to continuously measure the animal's blood glucose levels. The owners' perception of this approach is generally more favorable in relation to the blood glucose curve. Finally, it should be noted that these advances in the treatment of feline diabetes have helped to simplify therapy, which increases the commitment of owners to treating their pet's diabetes, thus limiting decisions to euthanize at the time of diagnosis. However, it is also clear that more research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the disease, in order to identify potential new therapeutic targets.
Description
Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus Felina GLP-1 Insulina SGLT-2 Sensor De Glicémia Blood Glucose Sensor Feline Diabetes Mellitus Insulin SGLT2