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O silêncio do estigma internalizado : Intervenção de enfermagem de saúde mental e psiquiátrica em comportamentos aditivos e dependências
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Abstract(s)
A Perturbação de Uso de Substâncias tem um impacto significativo em todas as vertentes da vida da pessoa que é dependente destas, consistindo numa perturbação mental que afeta o cérebro e o comportamento, causando incapacidade em controlar o seu uso. Inerente a esta perturbação destaca-se o estigma internalizado, que é proposto como um obstáculo ao tratamento e reabilitação social de pessoas com comportamentos aditivos e dependências (CAD), estando associado negativamente com a autoestima.
Este Relatório enquadra teoricamente a problemática do estigma internalizado e dos CAD, com a análise da relação entre estes e a autoestima. Com o objetivo de promover uma prestação de cuidados mais eficaz, baseada em evidência científica, dirigida às pessoas afetadas por estas condições de doença mental, foi realizada uma revisão scoping, que serviu de suporte ao desenvolvimento de um Programa de Intervenção. Este mobilizou técnicas psicoeducativas e cognitivo-comportamentais, em seis sessões individuais, presenciais, semanais, avaliado antes e após, com seis clientes. Os resultados indicaram ganhos em saúde no que diz respeito à consolidação da experiência subjetiva de ser um membro da sociedade e de resistência ao estigma internalizado.
Para além disso, este relatório tem como objetivo representar o percurso do mestrado, orientado para a aquisição e desenvolvimento das competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica (EEESMP) e de Mestre. Através dos diferentes contextos de estágio, tive a oportunidade de aprofundar o autoconhecimento, analisar crítica e reflexivamente a minha prática profissional, fortalecer capacidades comunicacionais e relacionais, baseadas no Modelo Teórico de Tidal, adquirir competências para a intervenção na otimização e recuperação da saúde mental e desenvolver competências de mobilização de intervenções psicoeducacionais, sócio terapêuticas, psicossociais e psicoterapêuticas.
Substance Use Disorder has a significant impact on all life aspects of the person who is dependent on them, consisting of a mental disorder that affects the brain and the behavior, causing an inability to control their use. Inherent to this disorder is internalized stigma, which is proposed as an obstacle to the treatment and social rehabilitation of people with addictive behaviors and dependencies (ABD), being negatively associated with self-esteem. This Report theoretically frames the issue of internalized stigma and ABD, with an analysis of the relationship between these and self-esteem. With the aim of promoting more effective care provision, based on scientific evidence, to people affected by these mental illness conditions, a scoping review was carried out, which supported the development of an Intervention Program. This mobilized psychoeducational and cognitive-behavioral techniques, in six individual, face-to-face, weekly sessions, evaluated before and after, with six clients. The results indicated health gains with regard to the consolidation of the subjective experience of being a member of society and resistance to internalized stigma. Furthermore, this Report aims to represente the Master’s degree path, oriented towards the acquisition and development of Nurse Specialist in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing and Master’s skills. Through the different internship contexts, I had the opportunity to deepen my self-knowledge, critically and reflectively analyse my professional practice, strengthen communication and relational skills, based on Tidal’s Theoretical Model, acquire skills for intervention in the optimization and recovery of mental health and develop skills for mobilizing psychoeducational, socio-therapeutic, psychosocial and psychotherapeutic interventions.
Substance Use Disorder has a significant impact on all life aspects of the person who is dependent on them, consisting of a mental disorder that affects the brain and the behavior, causing an inability to control their use. Inherent to this disorder is internalized stigma, which is proposed as an obstacle to the treatment and social rehabilitation of people with addictive behaviors and dependencies (ABD), being negatively associated with self-esteem. This Report theoretically frames the issue of internalized stigma and ABD, with an analysis of the relationship between these and self-esteem. With the aim of promoting more effective care provision, based on scientific evidence, to people affected by these mental illness conditions, a scoping review was carried out, which supported the development of an Intervention Program. This mobilized psychoeducational and cognitive-behavioral techniques, in six individual, face-to-face, weekly sessions, evaluated before and after, with six clients. The results indicated health gains with regard to the consolidation of the subjective experience of being a member of society and resistance to internalized stigma. Furthermore, this Report aims to represente the Master’s degree path, oriented towards the acquisition and development of Nurse Specialist in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing and Master’s skills. Through the different internship contexts, I had the opportunity to deepen my self-knowledge, critically and reflectively analyse my professional practice, strengthen communication and relational skills, based on Tidal’s Theoretical Model, acquire skills for intervention in the optimization and recovery of mental health and develop skills for mobilizing psychoeducational, socio-therapeutic, psychosocial and psychotherapeutic interventions.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem psiquiátrica Estereotipagem Comportamento aditivo Saúde mental Autoestima