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A intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação na capacitação do cuidador informal da pessoa com lesão vertebro medular no regresso a casa
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As Lesões Vertebro Medulares (LVM) são eventos extremamente disruptivos
no projeto de vida das pessoas que as sofrem, mas também da família que as rodeia
e especialmente daqueles que se assumem enquanto cuidadores. Apesar do
impacto de uma LVM depender muito do nível motor e sensitivo da mesma, a
verdade é que a maioria das pessoas necessita de algum tipo de ajuda no
desempenho das suas atividades básicas de vida diária no futuro.
Os avanços da medicina e da tecnologia têm permitido diminuir a taxa de
mortalidade e aumentar a esperança média de vida das pessoas com LVM.
Contudo, em Portugal, são diminutas as respostas sociais adequadas e a longo
prazo para a manutenção dos cuidados a estas pessoas, o que implica a presença
de um cuidador informal (CI). Esta pessoa assume-se assim como responsável
pelos cuidados da pessoa com LVM, às vezes durante décadas, o que implica a sua
capacitação de modo a que os cuidados prestados promovam a saúde da pessoa
cuidada e evite a sobrecarga do CI devido à exigência física e psicológica dos
cuidados que presta.
Aqui, o Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER) tem
um papel fulcral na avaliação e negociação de um plano de reabilitação, não só com
a pessoa com LVM, mas também com o seu CI. Para isso é importante que o EEER
torne o CI também como foco dos seus cuidados e não apenas como um recurso
nos cuidados da pessoa com LVM.
Este relatório descreve o percurso desenvolvido em contexto de Ensino
Clínico (EC), com o objetivo de analisar e refletir nas atividades realizadas com o
intuito de alcançar as competências definidas pela Ordem dos Enfermeiros (OE)
para a obtenção do título de EEER e as competências preconizadas nos descritores
de Dublin para a obtenção do grau académico de Mestre. O fio condutor para a sua
elaboração foi a problemática da intervenção do EEER na capacitação do CI da
pessoa com LVM no regresso a casa, sendo a capacitação da pessoa e do cuidador
uma das competências específicas do EEER.
Spinal Cord Injuries are extremely disruptive events in the life of not only the people who suffer from them, but also of the family that surrounds them and especially of those who take on the role of caregivers. Although the impact of a Spinal Cord Injury depends very much on its motor and sensory level, the truth is that most people need some kind of help in performing their basic daily living activities in the future. Advances in medicine and technology have led to a decrease in the mortality rate and an increase in the average life expectancy of people with spinal cord injuries. However, in Portugal, there are few adequate long-term social responses for the maintenance of care for these people, which then require the presence of an informal caregiver. This person thus assumes responsibility for the care of the person with spinal cord injury, sometimes for decades, which necessitates their empowerment so that the care provided promotes the health of the person being cared for and avoids increasing caregiver burden due to the physical and psychological demands of the care provided. Here, the Rehabilitation Nurse plays a key role in assessing and negotiating a rehabilitation plan, not only with the person with the spinal cord injury, but also with their informal caregiver. To this end, it is important that the Rehabilitation Nurse also makes the informal caregiver one of the focuses of their care and not just a resource in the care of the person with spinal cord injury. This report describes the journey developed in a clinical teaching context, with the purpose of analysing and reflecting on the activities carried out with the objective of achieving the competencies defined by the Ordem dos Enfermeiros for the attainment of the title of Rehabilitation Nurse and the competencies recommended in the Dublin descriptors for obtaining the academic degree of Master. The main thread that led to its development was the issue of the rehabilitation nurse intervention in empowering the informal caregiver of spinal cord injury patients returning home, being that empowering the person and the caregiver is one of the specific competencies of the rehabilitation nurse.
Spinal Cord Injuries are extremely disruptive events in the life of not only the people who suffer from them, but also of the family that surrounds them and especially of those who take on the role of caregivers. Although the impact of a Spinal Cord Injury depends very much on its motor and sensory level, the truth is that most people need some kind of help in performing their basic daily living activities in the future. Advances in medicine and technology have led to a decrease in the mortality rate and an increase in the average life expectancy of people with spinal cord injuries. However, in Portugal, there are few adequate long-term social responses for the maintenance of care for these people, which then require the presence of an informal caregiver. This person thus assumes responsibility for the care of the person with spinal cord injury, sometimes for decades, which necessitates their empowerment so that the care provided promotes the health of the person being cared for and avoids increasing caregiver burden due to the physical and psychological demands of the care provided. Here, the Rehabilitation Nurse plays a key role in assessing and negotiating a rehabilitation plan, not only with the person with the spinal cord injury, but also with their informal caregiver. To this end, it is important that the Rehabilitation Nurse also makes the informal caregiver one of the focuses of their care and not just a resource in the care of the person with spinal cord injury. This report describes the journey developed in a clinical teaching context, with the purpose of analysing and reflecting on the activities carried out with the objective of achieving the competencies defined by the Ordem dos Enfermeiros for the attainment of the title of Rehabilitation Nurse and the competencies recommended in the Dublin descriptors for obtaining the academic degree of Master. The main thread that led to its development was the issue of the rehabilitation nurse intervention in empowering the informal caregiver of spinal cord injury patients returning home, being that empowering the person and the caregiver is one of the specific competencies of the rehabilitation nurse.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem em reabilitação Traumatismos da medula espinal Cuidadores Empoderamento