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Publication
The Impact Of Gut Microbiota On Canine Epilepsy
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Abstract(s)
A epilepsia destaca-se como uma das doenças neurológicas crónicas mais prevalentes nos animais de
companhia. A epilepsia é caracterizada por convulsões recorrentes e requer uma gestão cuidadosa
para minimizar seu impacto na vida diária dos animais. Em populações humanas, a epilepsia afeta
aproximadamente 0,64% dos indivíduos, enquanto em cães as estimativas variam entre 0,62% e
0,82%. A etiologia da epilepsia é multifatorial, abrangendo vários potenciais fenómenos
desencadeadores, como trauma, processos inflamatórios ou infeciosos e distúrbios metabólicos.
Estudos recentes têm se concentrado cada vez mais em explorar o papel da microbiota intestinal no
desenvolvimento de patologias neurológicas, como a epilepsia. O estudo da microbiota intestinal
surgiu como uma área inovadora dentro da medicina, e a sua relevância tem se estendido também no
âmbito da medicina veterinária. A microbiota intestinal é composta por uma variedade diversificada
de microrganismos e exerce uma profunda influência em múltiplos aspetos da saúde animal. Estudos
recentes têm realçado o papel da microbiota na prevenção de doenças, enfatizando a sua importância
na manutenção do bem-estar geral. Essa influência decorre das vias de comunicação bidirecionais
entre as bactérias intestinais e o cérebro, que envolvem mecanismos neuronais, imunológicos e
endócrinos. Evidências sugerem que a microbiota intestinal tem impacto não apenas na saúde física,
mas também nas funções comportamentais e cognitivas, tanto em humanos como em animais.
Através da produção de metabolitos, hormonas e fatores imunes, as bactérias intestinais
desempenham um papel fundamental na regulação de diversos processos fisiológicos. Uma microbiota
intestinal equilibrada e estável é essencial para manter a fisiologia normal do intestino e garantir a
comunicação apropriada ao longo do eixo cérebro-intestino. Por outro lado, as disrupções na
composição e função da microbiota intestinal, conhecidas como disbiose, podem ter efeitos
prejudiciais na fisiologia do intestino e interromper as vias intrínsecas de comunicação entre o
intestino e o cérebro. Tal desregulação pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento ou agravamento de
condições neurológicas, incluindo a epilepsia. Considerando essas descobertas, esta revisão tem como
objetivo aprofundar o conhecimento dos mecanismos subjacentes à comunicação microbiotaintestino-
cérebro no contexto da epilepsia canina. Em última análise, este trabalho poderá abrir novos
caminhos para a pesquisa e o conhecimento de novas estratégias para o tratamento e maneio da
epilepsia canina, destacando-se o papel crítico da saúde intestinal no bem-estar neurológico dos
animais.
Epilepsy stands out as one of the most prevalent chronic neurological conditions affecting companion animals. It is characterized by recurrent seizures and requires careful management to minimize its impact on the animal’s daily lives. In human populations, epilepsy affects approximately 0.64% of individuals, while in dogs, estimates range between 0.62% to 0.82%. The etiology of epilepsy is multifactorial, encompassing several potential triggering phenomena such as trauma, inflammatory or infectious processes, and metabolic disturbances. Recent research has increasingly focused on exploring the role of the intestinal microbiota in influencing neurological conditions like epilepsy. The study of the intestinal microbiota has emerged as a pivotal area within medicine, and its relevance has also been extended to veterinary medicine. The microbiota comprises a diverse array of microorganisms and exerts a profound influence on multiple aspects of animal health. Recent studies have illuminated the microbiota's role in disease prevention, emphasizing its significance in maintaining overall well-being. This influence stems from the bidirectional communication pathways between gut bacteria and the brain, which involve neuronal, immunological and endocrine mechanisms. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiota impacts not only physical health but also behavioral and cognitive functions in both humans and animals. Through the production of metabolites, hormones, and immune factors, gut bacteria play a pivotal role in modulating various physiological processes. A balanced and stable gut microbiota is essential for maintaining normal gut physiology and ensuring appropriate signaling along the brain-gut axis. Conversely, disruptions in the composition and function of the gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, can have detrimental effects on gut physiology and disrupt the intricate signaling pathways between the gut and the brain. Such dysregulation may contribute to the development or exacerbation of neurological conditions, including epilepsy. Considering these findings, this review article aims to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms underlying microbiota-gut-brain connection in the context of canine epilepsy. Ultimately, this work may open new avenues for research into innovative strategies for the treatment and management of canine epilepsy, highlighting the critical role of intestinal health in the neurological well-being of animals.
Epilepsy stands out as one of the most prevalent chronic neurological conditions affecting companion animals. It is characterized by recurrent seizures and requires careful management to minimize its impact on the animal’s daily lives. In human populations, epilepsy affects approximately 0.64% of individuals, while in dogs, estimates range between 0.62% to 0.82%. The etiology of epilepsy is multifactorial, encompassing several potential triggering phenomena such as trauma, inflammatory or infectious processes, and metabolic disturbances. Recent research has increasingly focused on exploring the role of the intestinal microbiota in influencing neurological conditions like epilepsy. The study of the intestinal microbiota has emerged as a pivotal area within medicine, and its relevance has also been extended to veterinary medicine. The microbiota comprises a diverse array of microorganisms and exerts a profound influence on multiple aspects of animal health. Recent studies have illuminated the microbiota's role in disease prevention, emphasizing its significance in maintaining overall well-being. This influence stems from the bidirectional communication pathways between gut bacteria and the brain, which involve neuronal, immunological and endocrine mechanisms. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiota impacts not only physical health but also behavioral and cognitive functions in both humans and animals. Through the production of metabolites, hormones, and immune factors, gut bacteria play a pivotal role in modulating various physiological processes. A balanced and stable gut microbiota is essential for maintaining normal gut physiology and ensuring appropriate signaling along the brain-gut axis. Conversely, disruptions in the composition and function of the gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, can have detrimental effects on gut physiology and disrupt the intricate signaling pathways between the gut and the brain. Such dysregulation may contribute to the development or exacerbation of neurological conditions, including epilepsy. Considering these findings, this review article aims to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms underlying microbiota-gut-brain connection in the context of canine epilepsy. Ultimately, this work may open new avenues for research into innovative strategies for the treatment and management of canine epilepsy, highlighting the critical role of intestinal health in the neurological well-being of animals.
Description
Keywords
Cães Epilepsia Eixo Intestino-Cérebro Microbiota Intestinal Dogs Epilepsy Gut-Brain Axis Gut Microbiota