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A natureza jurídica da ação do agente infiltrado digital
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Abstract(s)
Não temos dúvidas que nos dias de hoje os meios informáticos são já indissociáveis do quotidiano de cada um. A rapidez e, mais propriamente, a facilidade com que se pode comunicar com familiares, amigos, conhecidos ou não, para qualquer parte do globo, atingiu proporções que ainda há poucos anos eram tidas como inimagináveis.
Mas se esta dinâmica tecnológica abriu novas portas ao bem-estar de todos nós, o mundo cibernético não deixou indiferentes os agentes criminosos, potenciando uma nova criminalidade.
Com novos tipos de crime ou simplesmente com recurso a um novo meio, caraterizado pela falta de fronteiras e pelo anonimato, estes vêm pôr à prova o acompanhamento por parte dos investigadores. As novas tecnologias não trazem apenas obstáculos à investigação criminal, também permitem potencializar novos meios de obtenção de prova, ou ainda a adaptação de métodos tradicionais.
É neste contexto que a figura do agente infiltrado digital emerge. Como tal importa saber como se enquadra no ordenamento português. Os meios ocultos de obtenção de prova são um meio excecional de investigação, mas que conflituem com direitos fundamentais. Perante isto, temos de saber qual o resultado da atividade do agente infiltrado face às provas que o tribunal vier a apreciar.
We have no doubt that nowadays computerized means are inseparable from everyone’s daily life. The speed and easiness through which is possible to get in touch with relatives or friends to any part of the globe has just reached proportions which would be unimaginable a few years ago. However, if this technological dynamic opened new doors to the welfare of us all, the cyber world has not left indifferent criminal agents either, fostering a new criminality. With new types of crime or simply the access to a new mean characterized by being borderless and anonym, the digital era has arrived to test both researchers and security systems. New technologies do not only bring obstacles to criminal investigation; they also create or adapt methods for obtaining evidences. It is in this context that the figure of the digital undercover agent emerges and falls within the Portuguese legal order. The hidden means of obtaining evidences are exceptional means of investigation which collides with fundamental rights. In this regard, it is important to know what is the result of the activity of the undercover agent in light of the evidences that the court will take into consideration.
We have no doubt that nowadays computerized means are inseparable from everyone’s daily life. The speed and easiness through which is possible to get in touch with relatives or friends to any part of the globe has just reached proportions which would be unimaginable a few years ago. However, if this technological dynamic opened new doors to the welfare of us all, the cyber world has not left indifferent criminal agents either, fostering a new criminality. With new types of crime or simply the access to a new mean characterized by being borderless and anonym, the digital era has arrived to test both researchers and security systems. New technologies do not only bring obstacles to criminal investigation; they also create or adapt methods for obtaining evidences. It is in this context that the figure of the digital undercover agent emerges and falls within the Portuguese legal order. The hidden means of obtaining evidences are exceptional means of investigation which collides with fundamental rights. In this regard, it is important to know what is the result of the activity of the undercover agent in light of the evidences that the court will take into consideration.
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Keywords
Agente infiltrado Prova Meios de Prova Ciberespaço Cibercrime Comunicações Dados Digital