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Desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia e-health: Medicação sem Dano
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| 1.65 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Todos os anos, globalmente, milhões de clientes sofrem lesões ou morrem devido a cuidados de saúde inseguros. Neste contexto, é importante abordar os erros de terapêutica medicamentosa. Face ao ambiente de cuidados de saúde complexos e à necessidade de prevenção destes erros, é essencial adotar estratégias de ensino incluindo o treino simulado, baseado em realidade virtual, garantindo a segurança do cliente.
Objetivos: Elaborar uma revisão da literatura para identificar os tipos de erros de terapêutica medicamentosa, fatores preditivos e as estratégias utilizadas para promover a redução desses erros. Descrever o processo de desenvolvimento dos cenários de saúde e do ambiente em realidade virtual para o treino simulado e a validação dos cenários de saúde.
Método: Para responder à primeira parte realizou-se um estudo de revisão integrativa. Tendo sido incluídos 16 estudos para a análise. Na segunda parte desenvolveu-se um estudo de desenvolvimento metodológico para a construção e validação de um treino simulado em realidade virtual, para a promoção da Medicação Sem Dano, tendo-se utilizado o Método Interdisciplinar para o Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias em Saúde. Para a validação dos cenários de saúde recorreu-se ao método de Delphi.
Resultados: Os principais erros observados foram “Dose/Frequência errada”, “Dose ou medicamento omitido” e “Doente errado”. Foram identificadas duas categorias em relação aos fatores preditivos: Fatores Humanos e Fatores Organizacionais. Como principais estratégias preventivas, observa-se os programas de educação e treino; rácios adequados, gestão adequada do ambiente de trabalho e desenvolvimento/aplicação de tecnologia. No processo de validação dos cenários de saúde, após a segunda ronda, houve um índice global de concordância a variar entre os 90,9% e os 96,9%.
Conclusão: A construção dos cenários envolveu conhecimento científico através de uma ampla pesquisa na literatura e o trabalho de peritos na área de enfermagem. Demonstrando constituírem material educativo relevante para a prática segura da intervenção interdependente: Terapêutica medicamentosa. Os cenários apresentam um elevado potencial para integrarem uma solução tecnologia em realidade virtual promotora da segurança do cliente e a qualidade dos cuidados, através da redução dos erros de terapêutica medicamentosa.
Introduction: Every year, millions of clients suffer injuries or die as a result of unsafe healthcare. In this context, it is important to address medication errors. Given the complex healthcare environment and the need to prevent these errors, it is essential to adopt teaching strategies including simulated training based on virtual reality, guaranteeing client safety. Objectives: To review the literature to identify the types of medication errors, predictive factors and the strategies used to promote the reduction of these errors. Subsequently, to describe the process of developing the healthcare scenarios and the virtual reality environment for simulated training and validation of the healthcare scenarios. Method: To answer the first part, an integrative review study was carried out. 16 studies were included for analysis. In the second part, a methodological development study was carried out to build and validate simulated virtual reality training to promote Medication Without Harm, using the Interdisciplinary Method for the Development of Health Technologies. The Delphi method was used to validate the health scenarios. Results: The main errors observed were "Wrong dose/frequency" "Omitted dose or drug" and "Wrong patient". Two categories of predictive factors were identified: human factors and organizational factors. The main preventive strategies were education and training programs, adequate ratios, proper management of the work environment and the development/ application of technology. In the process of validating the health scenarios, after the second round there was an overall agreement rate of between 90,9% and 96,9%. Conclusion: The construction of the scenarios involved scientific knowledge through extensive research in the literature and the work of experts in the field of nursing. They proved to be relevant educational material for the safe practice of the interdependent intervention: drug therapy. The scenarios have a high potential for integrating a virtual reality technology solution that promotes client safety and quality of care by reducing drug therapy errors.
Introduction: Every year, millions of clients suffer injuries or die as a result of unsafe healthcare. In this context, it is important to address medication errors. Given the complex healthcare environment and the need to prevent these errors, it is essential to adopt teaching strategies including simulated training based on virtual reality, guaranteeing client safety. Objectives: To review the literature to identify the types of medication errors, predictive factors and the strategies used to promote the reduction of these errors. Subsequently, to describe the process of developing the healthcare scenarios and the virtual reality environment for simulated training and validation of the healthcare scenarios. Method: To answer the first part, an integrative review study was carried out. 16 studies were included for analysis. In the second part, a methodological development study was carried out to build and validate simulated virtual reality training to promote Medication Without Harm, using the Interdisciplinary Method for the Development of Health Technologies. The Delphi method was used to validate the health scenarios. Results: The main errors observed were "Wrong dose/frequency" "Omitted dose or drug" and "Wrong patient". Two categories of predictive factors were identified: human factors and organizational factors. The main preventive strategies were education and training programs, adequate ratios, proper management of the work environment and the development/ application of technology. In the process of validating the health scenarios, after the second round there was an overall agreement rate of between 90,9% and 96,9%. Conclusion: The construction of the scenarios involved scientific knowledge through extensive research in the literature and the work of experts in the field of nursing. They proved to be relevant educational material for the safe practice of the interdependent intervention: drug therapy. The scenarios have a high potential for integrating a virtual reality technology solution that promotes client safety and quality of care by reducing drug therapy errors.
Description
Keywords
Segurança do cliente Erro de terapêutica medicamentosa Treino simulado Realidade virtual.