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A promoção do insight na pessoa com doença mental grave
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Abstract(s)
O presente relatório desenvolve o tema do insight. São referenciadas diversas
definições do insight o que demonstra que este é um tema complexo. A ausência de
uma definição comum dificulta a abordagem do insight na pessoa com doença mental
grave. Também, está presente neste relatório, a existência de vários fatores que
podem influenciar a sua promoção. Através da revisão da literatura, facilmente, se
percebe que não existe uma única forma de desenvolver o insight, podendo ser
necessário utilizar várias intervenções terapêuticas em simultâneo.
Independentemente das intervenções, um dos fatores que mais pode ter impacto na
promoção do insight está associado à relação terapêutica estabelecida. Tendo em
conta esta relação, é pertinente referir que o utente tem um papel essencial no
tratamento, devendo-se ter em consideração as suas vivências e vontades para,
assim, se obter um melhor envolvimento no seu processo de reabilitação e
recuperação. O papel do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e
Psiquiátrica (EEESMP) revela ser, igualmente, importante não só pela sua capacidade
de envolver o utente nas intervenções como pela interpretação que este possa fazer
das revelações do utente.
Este relatório expõe o trabalho desenvolvido nos locais de estágio que
decorreram no departamento de psiquiatria de um hospital geral da região de Lisboa,
designadamente no serviço de internamento de psiquiatria e no hospital de dia de
psiquiatria. Nos referidos locais de estágio, foram desenvolvidas, tendo como base a
teoria dos sistemas de Betty Neuman, intervenções que tiveram como base
conhecimentos adquiridos pela evidência científica.
De concluir que a promoção do insight da pessoa com doença mental grave
não é linear dado ao cariz controverso do seu construto multidimensional, e que
inclusivamente as escalas existentes parecem não conseguir captar todos os fatores
que o influenciam, sobretudo o fator cultural.
This report aims to develop the theme of insight. Several definitions of insight are referenced, which proves that this is a complex topic. The lack of a common definition makes it difficult to approach insight in individuals with severe mental illness. This report also highlights the existence of several factors that may influence its development. Through a review of the literature, one can easily understand that there is no single way to develop insight, and that it may be necessary to use several therapeutic interventions simultaneously. Regardless of the interventions, one of the factors that can have a greater impact on the development of insight is associated with the therapeutic relationship established. Considering this relationship, it is worth mentioning that the patient has a key role in the treatment, and that his/her experiences and desires should be considered in order to obtain a better involvement in his/her rehabilitation and recovery process. The role of the specialist nurse in Mental and Psychiatric Health Nursing (EEESMP) is equally important not only for his/her ability to involve the patient in the interventions but also for his/her interpretation of the patient’s statements. This report presents the work carried out in the internship places that took place in the psychiatry department of a general hospital in the Lisbon region, namely in the psychiatric inpatient service and in the psychiatric day hospital. In these internship places, based on Betty Neuman’s systems theory, interventions were developed using knowledge acquired from scientific evidence. It should be concluded that the development of the insight in people with severe mental illness is not straightforward due to the controversial nature of its multidimensional construct and that even the existing scales seem unable to capture all the factors that influence it, particularly the cultural factor.
This report aims to develop the theme of insight. Several definitions of insight are referenced, which proves that this is a complex topic. The lack of a common definition makes it difficult to approach insight in individuals with severe mental illness. This report also highlights the existence of several factors that may influence its development. Through a review of the literature, one can easily understand that there is no single way to develop insight, and that it may be necessary to use several therapeutic interventions simultaneously. Regardless of the interventions, one of the factors that can have a greater impact on the development of insight is associated with the therapeutic relationship established. Considering this relationship, it is worth mentioning that the patient has a key role in the treatment, and that his/her experiences and desires should be considered in order to obtain a better involvement in his/her rehabilitation and recovery process. The role of the specialist nurse in Mental and Psychiatric Health Nursing (EEESMP) is equally important not only for his/her ability to involve the patient in the interventions but also for his/her interpretation of the patient’s statements. This report presents the work carried out in the internship places that took place in the psychiatry department of a general hospital in the Lisbon region, namely in the psychiatric inpatient service and in the psychiatric day hospital. In these internship places, based on Betty Neuman’s systems theory, interventions were developed using knowledge acquired from scientific evidence. It should be concluded that the development of the insight in people with severe mental illness is not straightforward due to the controversial nature of its multidimensional construct and that even the existing scales seem unable to capture all the factors that influence it, particularly the cultural factor.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem psiquiátrica Transtornos mentais Introspeção