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Publication
Análise dos sistemas térmicos de uma piscina municipal na zona metropolitana de Lisboa
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| 3.24 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A decisão por um investimento numa piscina interna é sempre difícil. Não só pelo elevado
investimento inicial como, pelos elevados custos de exploração que caracterizam estes
equipamentos desportivos, comummente o triplo (ou mais) dos custos de exploração de estádios
ou pavilhões multiusos.
Confrontados com a enormidade das despesas associadas a piscinas interiores, despesas estas
devidas numa elevada percentagem ao consumo de energia térmica, os decisores autárquicos
são sensíveis a argumentos de eficiência energética e aproveitamento de energias renováveis
que, apesar de encarecer a obra, reduzem os custos de exploração. Contudo, fatores diversos
como; comissionamento inadequado (aquando do desenvolvimento do projeto e instalação),
monitorização e controlo deficiente dos equipamentos, manutenção desadequada, podem
resultar no subaproveitamento do potencial de poupança de uma instalação. Um outro fenómeno
que é, infelizmente, frequente em organizações públicas é a ausência de comunicação entre as
diversas partes responsáveis pelos processos de gestão da instalação, gestão da energia e
manutenção. Quando se dá esta circunstância fica-se no completo desconhecimento do real
impacte de investimentos energéticos o gestor apenas sabe que o investimento em
equipamentos mais eficientes e em energias renováveis não surtiu o efeito desejado.
O presente documento resultou de um desafio lançado por uma agência de energia da
região metropolitana de Lisboa e consistiu na avaliação dos sistemas térmicos de uma piscina
municipal inaugurada recentemente. Após a identificação (teórica) das razões subjacentes aos
elevados consumos de energia em piscinas, faz-se uma breve recapitulação das soluções de
engenharia térmica de uso corrente em piscinas, sem esquecer as soluções renováveis (e de
natureza passiva) que permitem reduzir a fatura energética. Seguem-se dois capítulos onde se
analisa em detalhe: primeiro, o projeto de execução dos sistemas mecânicos-térmicos e,
seguidamente, os sistemas propriamente ditos, tal como se encontram instalados. Com estes
capítulos aprofunda-se o conhecimento sobre a instalação e sobre o modo como esta se
comporta do ponto de vista energético. Questionam-se grandes opções e identificam-se
pequenos aspetos relativos ao controlo e ao equilíbrio hidráulico dos sistemas que permitiriam
poupanças no consumo de energia e/ redução de custos. Conclui-se o documento com propostas
de medidas que auxiliariam a autarquia proprietária da piscina na sua gestão energética.
The decision to invest in an indoor pool is always difficult. Not only because of the high initial investment, but also because of the high operating costs that characterize these sports facilities, commonly, triple (or more) the costs of operating stadiums or multipurpose pavilions. Faced with the enormity of expenses associated with indoor swimming pools (essentially, a result of large energy consumption for heating), municipal decision makers are sensitive to arguments of energy efficiency and use of renewable energies which, despite increased investments, reduce the costs of exploration. However, several factors such as; Inadequate commissioning (during project development and installation), poor monitoring and control of equipment, inadequate maintenance, can result in the underutilization of an installation's savings potential. Another phenomenon that is, unfortunately, frequent in public organizations is the lack of communication between the different parties responsible for the installation management, energy management and maintenance processes. When this circumstance occurs, there is a complete lack of knowledge of the real impact of energy investments the manager only knows that the investment in efficient equipment and in renewable energies did not have the desired effect. This document resulted from a challenge launched by an energy agency in the Lisbon metropolitan region and consisted of the assessment of the thermal systems of a recently opened municipal swimming pool. After the (theoretical) identification of the underlying reasons for the high energy consumption in swimming pools, a brief summary of the thermal engineering solutions currently in use in swimming pools is made, without forgetting the renewable (and passive) thermal systems. Next, in two separate chapters, the swimming pool thermal systems project and the systems themselves, as they were installed are the subject of a detailed analysis. These chapters deepen knowledge about the installation and how it behaves from an energy point of view. Large options are questioned, and small aspects (which translate into energy savings) are identified regarding the control and hydraulic balance of the systems. The document concludes with proposals for measures that would help the municipality that owns the pool in its energy management
The decision to invest in an indoor pool is always difficult. Not only because of the high initial investment, but also because of the high operating costs that characterize these sports facilities, commonly, triple (or more) the costs of operating stadiums or multipurpose pavilions. Faced with the enormity of expenses associated with indoor swimming pools (essentially, a result of large energy consumption for heating), municipal decision makers are sensitive to arguments of energy efficiency and use of renewable energies which, despite increased investments, reduce the costs of exploration. However, several factors such as; Inadequate commissioning (during project development and installation), poor monitoring and control of equipment, inadequate maintenance, can result in the underutilization of an installation's savings potential. Another phenomenon that is, unfortunately, frequent in public organizations is the lack of communication between the different parties responsible for the installation management, energy management and maintenance processes. When this circumstance occurs, there is a complete lack of knowledge of the real impact of energy investments the manager only knows that the investment in efficient equipment and in renewable energies did not have the desired effect. This document resulted from a challenge launched by an energy agency in the Lisbon metropolitan region and consisted of the assessment of the thermal systems of a recently opened municipal swimming pool. After the (theoretical) identification of the underlying reasons for the high energy consumption in swimming pools, a brief summary of the thermal engineering solutions currently in use in swimming pools is made, without forgetting the renewable (and passive) thermal systems. Next, in two separate chapters, the swimming pool thermal systems project and the systems themselves, as they were installed are the subject of a detailed analysis. These chapters deepen knowledge about the installation and how it behaves from an energy point of view. Large options are questioned, and small aspects (which translate into energy savings) are identified regarding the control and hydraulic balance of the systems. The document concludes with proposals for measures that would help the municipality that owns the pool in its energy management
Description
Keywords
Eficiência Energética Piscina municipal coberta Projeto instalações mecânicas Produção de calor Painéis solares Desumidificação Energy efficiency Municipal indoor swimming pool Heat production Solar panels Dehumidifiers