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Otimização de rotas num colégio do concelho do Barreiro
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.88 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este trabalho centra-se na otimização de rotas de transporte escolar no Colégio Minerva, situado no concelho do Barreiro, abordando o School Bus Routing Problem (SBRP), um problema clássico de Investigação Operacional. A otimização tem por objetivo melhorar a eficiência do serviço de transporte dos alunos de e para o colégio, reduzindo o tempo total de condução e os custos operacionais, ao mesmo tempo que cumpre várias restrições, sejam estas de horários, capacidade dos veículos disponíveis ou outras. Para tal, desenvolveu-se um modelo matemático fundamentado no problema de rotas de veículos Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), adaptado para o contexto escolar e implementado no Excel com o suplemento OpenSolver. Este modelo, baseado numa análise do estado da arte e nas especificidades do colégio, procura uma solução otimizada, mais especificamente no que diz respeito ao tempo total de condução. O estudo é estruturado da seguinte forma: o Capítulo 2 apresenta a revisão da
literatura sobre o VRP e suas variantes aplicáveis ao SBRP; o Capítulo 3 caracteriza o problema específico do colégio, detalhando dados, restrições e a situação atual das rotas; o Capítulo 4 apresenta o desenvolvimento e a implementação do modelo de
otimização; o Capítulo 5 analisa os resultados obtidos, com sugestões para investigações futuras; e o Capítulo 6 contém as conclusões do trabalho. A relevância deste projeto reside no potencial de apoiar a direção do colégio na tomada de decisões estratégicas sobre transporte, promovendo uma redução de custos e uma prestação de serviço mais eficiente.
This work focuses on the optimization of school transport routes at Colégio Minerva, located in the municipality of Barreiro, addressing the School Bus Routing Problem (SBRP), a classic Operations Research problem. The aim is to improve the efficiency of the students transport service, to and from school, reducing the total driving time and operating costs, while complying with various constraints, be they timetables, available vehicle capacity or others. To this end, a mathematical model based on the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) was developed, adapted for the school context and implemented in Excel with the OpenSolver add-in. This model, based on an analysis of the state of the art and the specificities of the school, seeks an optimized solution, specifically with regard to total driving time. The study is structured as follows: Chapter 2 presents the literature review on VRP and its variants applicable to SBRP; Chapter 3 characterizes the specific problem of the school, detailing data, constraints and the current situation of the routes; Chapter 4 presents the development and implementation of the optimization model; Chapter 5 analyzes the results obtained, with suggestions for future research; and Chapter 6 contains the conclusions of the work. The relevance of this project lies in its potential to support the school's management in making strategic decisions about transportation, promoting cost savings and more efficient service provision.
This work focuses on the optimization of school transport routes at Colégio Minerva, located in the municipality of Barreiro, addressing the School Bus Routing Problem (SBRP), a classic Operations Research problem. The aim is to improve the efficiency of the students transport service, to and from school, reducing the total driving time and operating costs, while complying with various constraints, be they timetables, available vehicle capacity or others. To this end, a mathematical model based on the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) was developed, adapted for the school context and implemented in Excel with the OpenSolver add-in. This model, based on an analysis of the state of the art and the specificities of the school, seeks an optimized solution, specifically with regard to total driving time. The study is structured as follows: Chapter 2 presents the literature review on VRP and its variants applicable to SBRP; Chapter 3 characterizes the specific problem of the school, detailing data, constraints and the current situation of the routes; Chapter 4 presents the development and implementation of the optimization model; Chapter 5 analyzes the results obtained, with suggestions for future research; and Chapter 6 contains the conclusions of the work. The relevance of this project lies in its potential to support the school's management in making strategic decisions about transportation, promoting cost savings and more efficient service provision.
Description
Keywords
Otimização de rotas Transporte escolar Sistema de apoio à decisão. Route optimization School transport Decision support system