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Abstract(s)
A pirataria marítima é atualmente um fenómeno com forte impacto na atividade
económica mundial. Atenta a sua natureza adaptativa e criminosa, tende a evoluir, quer
seja no espaço e nas formas de ataque em função das medidas de segurança e proteção
que são tomadas por parte dos estados costeiros e das potências marítimas que tomam a
iniciativa de prevenir esses mesmos ataques. Regra geral, é possível afirmar que este
fenómeno é mais comum em áreas que cruzam as rotas de comércio marítimo e onde se
verifica pouco controlo dos estados costeiros. O presente estudo, efetuado com os dados
disponibilizados pela InternationalMaritimeOrganization e pelo Centro de Gestão e
Análise de Dados Operacionais da Marinha Portuguesa, relativos aos últimos doze anos,
tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise exploratória dos dados e verificar se existem
padrões nos ataques de pirataria que permitam induzir conhecimento sobre as
caraterísticas do fenómeno, na perspectiva espacial e temporal. Para o efeito, foram
utilizadas abordagens estatísticas descritivas, recurso a sistemas de informação
geográfica e ao uso de Self-OrganizingMaps, definidos com uma, duas e três dimensões
no espaço de output com vista à identificação de eventuais padrões existentes nos
dados. Da análise efetuada foi possível relacionar os ataques de pirataria entre as áreas
afetadas bem como as semelhanças existentes entre eles. Da análise temporal efetuada
foi ainda possível analisar a evolução do fenómeno ao longo dos últimos anos.
Maritime piracy is currently a phenomenon with a strong impact on global economic activity. Aware of its adaptive and criminal nature, it tends to evolve, whether in space and in the forms of attack depending on the security and protection measures that are taken by coastal states and maritime powers that take the initiative to prevent these same attacks. As a general rule, it can be said that this phenomenon is more common in areas that cross maritime trade routes and where there is little control of coastal states. This study, carried out with the data provided by the InternationalMaritimeOrganization and the Center for Operational Data Management and Analysis of the Portuguese Navy, for the last twelve years, aims to present an exploratory analysis of the data and verify if there are patterns in piracy attacks that allow to induce knowledge about the characteristics of the phenomenon, from a spatial and temporal perspective. For this purpose, were used descriptive statistical approaches, geographic information systems and Self-Organizing Maps, defined with one, two and three dimensions in the output space in order to identify possible patterns in the data. From the analysis performed it was possible to relate the piracy attacks between the affected areas as well as the similarities between them. From the temporal analysis carried out it was also possible to analyze the evolution of the phenomenon over the last few years.
Maritime piracy is currently a phenomenon with a strong impact on global economic activity. Aware of its adaptive and criminal nature, it tends to evolve, whether in space and in the forms of attack depending on the security and protection measures that are taken by coastal states and maritime powers that take the initiative to prevent these same attacks. As a general rule, it can be said that this phenomenon is more common in areas that cross maritime trade routes and where there is little control of coastal states. This study, carried out with the data provided by the InternationalMaritimeOrganization and the Center for Operational Data Management and Analysis of the Portuguese Navy, for the last twelve years, aims to present an exploratory analysis of the data and verify if there are patterns in piracy attacks that allow to induce knowledge about the characteristics of the phenomenon, from a spatial and temporal perspective. For this purpose, were used descriptive statistical approaches, geographic information systems and Self-Organizing Maps, defined with one, two and three dimensions in the output space in order to identify possible patterns in the data. From the analysis performed it was possible to relate the piracy attacks between the affected areas as well as the similarities between them. From the temporal analysis carried out it was also possible to analyze the evolution of the phenomenon over the last few years.
Description
Keywords
Pirataria Self-Organizing Map Análise Exploratória Análise de Padrões Análise Temporal