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Publication
Headshaking equino
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Define-se como Headshaking, um conjunto de movimentos espontâneos e repetitivos, tanto horizontais como verticais, da cabeça e pescoço do equino em causa. São várias as possíveis etiologias desencadeantes de Headshaking sendo, três delas descritas nesta dissertação: Osteoartrite da Articulação Temporo-hióide, Doença Degenerativa da Articulação Temporomandibular e Headshaking mediado pelo Nervo Trigémeo. Em cada uma destas são abordadas as principais provas diagnósticas e possíveis técnicas terapêuticas a aplicar. Encontram-se também mencionados, independentemente da etiologia em causa, vários sistemas de classificação do grau de severidade de Headshaking, sendo este método de classificação apresentado sob a forma de tabelas.
No caso de Headshaking mediado pelo Nervo Trigémeo, para além da descrição das possíveis formas de diagnóstico e terapêutica a aplicar, desde a possibilidade de utilização de dexametasona pulsátil, uso de magnésio e avaliação das suas vantagens e, por fim, a estimulação elétrica nervosa percutânea, são ainda abordados estudos experimentais e a sua possível relação com a sintomatologia de Headshaking, desde o uso de uma vacina GnRH como forma de atenuar a sintomatologia em causa, ou a possibilidade de uma infeção latente por herpesvirus-1 ser a origem de Headshaking mediado pelo Nervo Trigémeo.
Já as duas restantes patologias são abordadas maioritariamente numa vertente de “case report”. No entanto, é de igual importância o seu desenvolvimento, para que possam ser considerados como possível diagnóstico diferencial no caso de um equino com sintomatologia de Headshaking.
Equine Headshaking is characterized like a set of spontaneous and repetitive movements, both horizontal or vertical of the head and neck of the affected horse. There are several possible etiologies triggering Headshaking, three of which are described in this dissertation: Temporohyoid Joint Osteoarthritis, Degenerative Temporomandibular Joint Disease and Headshaking mediated by the Trigeminal Nerve. In each of these, the main diagnostic tests and possible therapeutic techniques to be applied are addressed. Various systems of classification of the degree of severity of Headshaking exhibited by the affected horse are also described, regardless the etiology in question, and this classification method is presented in the form of tables in this dissertation. In the case of Trigeminal Nerve mediated Headshaking, in addition to describing the possible forms of diagnosis and therapeutics to be applied, like the possibility of using pulsatile dexamethasone, use of magnesium and its advantages and percutaneous nerve electrical stimulation, there are also addressed experimental studies and its possible relationship with the symptoms of Headshaking, from a GnRH vaccine as a way to attenuate it or the possibility of a latent infection by herpesvirus-1 being the origin of Headshaking mediated by the Trigeminal Nerve. The remaining two pathologies are adressed as a “case report”. Their development is of equal importance, so that they can be considered as a possible differential diagnosis in the case of a horse with Headshaking.
Equine Headshaking is characterized like a set of spontaneous and repetitive movements, both horizontal or vertical of the head and neck of the affected horse. There are several possible etiologies triggering Headshaking, three of which are described in this dissertation: Temporohyoid Joint Osteoarthritis, Degenerative Temporomandibular Joint Disease and Headshaking mediated by the Trigeminal Nerve. In each of these, the main diagnostic tests and possible therapeutic techniques to be applied are addressed. Various systems of classification of the degree of severity of Headshaking exhibited by the affected horse are also described, regardless the etiology in question, and this classification method is presented in the form of tables in this dissertation. In the case of Trigeminal Nerve mediated Headshaking, in addition to describing the possible forms of diagnosis and therapeutics to be applied, like the possibility of using pulsatile dexamethasone, use of magnesium and its advantages and percutaneous nerve electrical stimulation, there are also addressed experimental studies and its possible relationship with the symptoms of Headshaking, from a GnRH vaccine as a way to attenuate it or the possibility of a latent infection by herpesvirus-1 being the origin of Headshaking mediated by the Trigeminal Nerve. The remaining two pathologies are adressed as a “case report”. Their development is of equal importance, so that they can be considered as a possible differential diagnosis in the case of a horse with Headshaking.
Description
Keywords
Grau de headshaking Headshaking mediado pelo nervo trigémeo Osteoartrite da articulação temporo-hióide Doença degenerativa da articulação temporomandibular Headshaking classification Trigeminal nerve mediated headshaking Temporohyoid joint osteoarthritis Degenerative temporomandibular joint disease