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Publication
Efeitos do abuso de drogas ilícitas na saúde periodontal
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A toxicodependência, é um problema mundial cada vez mais comum, e inicia-se normalmente no período da adolescência.
Existem diversas drogas de abuso, sendo que a canábis e a cocaína são as mais consumidas, entre as drogas ilícitas. Este problema provoca consequências graves na sáude em geral, incluindo na saúde oral, havendo uma maior prevalência de patologias da cavidade oral nestes pacientes.
A pobre higiene oral e a falta de cuidados na alimentação muito comum nestes doentes em conjunto com o mecanismo pelo qual algumas drogas atuam , pode ser a explicação para este aumento na prevalência.
As principais manifestações orais do abuso de drogas ilícitas são a cárie dentária, a xerostomia e a doença periodontal. A doença periodontal é uma das doenças mais frequentemente encontradas entre a população em geral. É uma doença inflamatória, cujo o seu principal fator etiológico é a placa bacteriana, que afeta as estruturas de suporte do dente e pode levar à perda de dentes.
É importante o papel do médico dentista pois pode ser ele o primeiro a contactar com este tipo de pacientes, e encaminhar para outros profissionais de saúde objetivando um tratamento multidisciplinar. O Médico Dentista deve estar preparado e informado para reconhecer e tratar este tipo de pacientes, que requerem cuidados diferentes dos outros doentes.
Drug addiction is a worldwide problema which is increasingly common, and it usually begins during adolescence. There are a large number of drugs of abuse, being cannabis and cocaine the most consumed ones, among illicit drugs. This problem can cause serious consequences in general health, including oral health, in which a higher prevalence of pathologies of the oral cavity is founded on these patients. This hight prevalence may be explained by the poor oral hygiene and diet, a very common aspect among these patients, combined with the mechanism of action of some drugs. The main oral manifestations of illicit drug abuse are dental caries, dry mouth and periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is one of the most frequent diseases on general population. It is an inflammatory disease, whose etiological factor us dental plaque, that affects tooth supporting structures and can even lead to tooth loss. The role of the dentist is important because, as professionals, they may be the first ones to contact this type of patient, in order to refer them to further care with other health professionals aiming a multidisciplinary treatment. All dentists must be prepared and have the knowledge to recognize and treat this type of patients, as they require a different type of care.
Drug addiction is a worldwide problema which is increasingly common, and it usually begins during adolescence. There are a large number of drugs of abuse, being cannabis and cocaine the most consumed ones, among illicit drugs. This problem can cause serious consequences in general health, including oral health, in which a higher prevalence of pathologies of the oral cavity is founded on these patients. This hight prevalence may be explained by the poor oral hygiene and diet, a very common aspect among these patients, combined with the mechanism of action of some drugs. The main oral manifestations of illicit drug abuse are dental caries, dry mouth and periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is one of the most frequent diseases on general population. It is an inflammatory disease, whose etiological factor us dental plaque, that affects tooth supporting structures and can even lead to tooth loss. The role of the dentist is important because, as professionals, they may be the first ones to contact this type of patient, in order to refer them to further care with other health professionals aiming a multidisciplinary treatment. All dentists must be prepared and have the knowledge to recognize and treat this type of patients, as they require a different type of care.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Toxicodependência Drogas ilícitas Doença periodontal