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Estudo retrospectivo de cães e gatos submetidos a terapêutica anticonvulsivante: classificação etiológica segundo a International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force (2015) e caracterização farmacoterapêutica
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Abstract(s)
A epilepsia é das patologias neurológicas crónicas mais comuns em Seres Humanos e também em cães, caracterizada por ataques epilépticos recorrentes resultantes da actividade eléctrica anormal no cérebro. Na tentativa de uniformizar a classificação, a abordagem diagnóstica e a terapêutica a instituir, foram propostas recomendações pelo grupo de trabalho International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force (IVETF).
O presente estudo retrospectivo teve como objectivo caracterizar a população de cães e gatos com terapêutica anticonvulsivante, atendidos na zona centro de Portugal, nomeadamente, Aveiro, Águeda e Coimbra, entre 2010 e 2016. A classificação etiológica dos ataques proposta pela IVETF e a caracterização da terapia anticonvulsionante foram efectuadas após consulta das fichas médicas de 73 animais (68 cães e cinco gatos), submetidos a terapêutica anticonvulsivante.
Com base na informação disponível nas fichas médicas consultadas, a aplicação dos critérios estabelecidos pelos especialistas da IVETF foi possível em apenas nove (12,3%) dos 73 animais, com a seguinte distribuição: ataque reactivo (n=4), Epilepsia estrutural (n=3) e Epilepsia Idiopática (n=2) . Relativamente à terapêutica, a monoterapia foi a abordagem mais prevalente, sendo o fenobarbital o fármaco mais frequentemente prescrito.
Os resultados refletem as dificuldades existentes na prática clínica, no registo de dados, e realçam a necessidade de uma base de dados que sistematize os dados clínicos e terapêuticos dos animais, para permitir avaliar a eficácia dos tratamentos com os fármacos existentes bem como a realização de estudos de caraterização diagnóstica, etiológica e terapêutica.
Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological pathologies in humans and also in dogs, characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures resulting from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. In order to standardize the classification, diagnostic approach and therapeutics to be established, recommendations were proposed by the International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force (IVETF). The objective of this retrospective study was to characterize the population of dogs and cats under antiepileptic drug (AED’s) therapy treated in the central area of Portugal, Aveiro, Águeda and Coimbra between 2010 and 2016. The etiological classification of the attacks proposed by the IVETF and the characterization of the anticonvulsant therapy were carried out after consulting the medical records of 73 animals (68 dogs and five cats), submitted to anticonvulsant therapy. The application of the criteria established by the IVETF specialists was only possible in nine (12.3%) out of the 73 animals, with the following distribution: reactive attack (n=4), structural epilepsy (n=3) and idiopathic epilepsy (n=2). Regarding the therapy, monotherapy was the most prevalent approach, with phenobarbital being the most frequently prescribed drug. The results reflect the difficulties in recording data in clinical practice and highlight the need for an available database that systematizes the clinical and therapeutic data of the animals. This would allow for an evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatments with existing drugs as well as the conducting of studies of diagnostic, etiological and therapeutic characterization.
Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological pathologies in humans and also in dogs, characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures resulting from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. In order to standardize the classification, diagnostic approach and therapeutics to be established, recommendations were proposed by the International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force (IVETF). The objective of this retrospective study was to characterize the population of dogs and cats under antiepileptic drug (AED’s) therapy treated in the central area of Portugal, Aveiro, Águeda and Coimbra between 2010 and 2016. The etiological classification of the attacks proposed by the IVETF and the characterization of the anticonvulsant therapy were carried out after consulting the medical records of 73 animals (68 dogs and five cats), submitted to anticonvulsant therapy. The application of the criteria established by the IVETF specialists was only possible in nine (12.3%) out of the 73 animals, with the following distribution: reactive attack (n=4), structural epilepsy (n=3) and idiopathic epilepsy (n=2). Regarding the therapy, monotherapy was the most prevalent approach, with phenobarbital being the most frequently prescribed drug. The results reflect the difficulties in recording data in clinical practice and highlight the need for an available database that systematizes the clinical and therapeutic data of the animals. This would allow for an evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatments with existing drugs as well as the conducting of studies of diagnostic, etiological and therapeutic characterization.
Description
Keywords
Ataques epilépticos Ataques reactivos Cães Epilepsia Epilepsia idiopática Epilepsia estrutural Gatos IVETF Terapêutica anticonvulsivante Epilepsy Epileptic seizures Idiopathic epilepsy Structural epilepsy Reactive seizures AED’s Dogs Cats