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Abstract(s)
Neste trabalho abordámos, de forma sintética e pragmática, os principais diplomas sobre o regime geral de identificação e as dificuldades da atuação policial.
O Estado, a Lei, os cidadãos e os órgãos de polícia criminal, quatro atores indissociáveis.
As restrições das leis aos órgãos de polícia criminal e os direitos fundamentais dos cidadãos nunca estiveram em equilíbrio: aqueles julgavam ter poucos poderes, estes entendiam que tinham demais.
O Estado garantiu a liberdade e a segurança dos cidadãos; transferiu poderes para as instituições. Aqui surgiu o problema porque, sempre, houve homens que, jamais, puderam ter poder.
Os nossos monarcas atrasaram a história jurídica portuguesa porque elaboraram e compilaram, tardiamente, as leis.
O primeiro recenseamento foi em 1864 e o primeiro bilhete de identidade emitido em 1914.
This study covered, in a synthetic and pragmatic way, the main laws on the general system of identification and the difficulties of police action. The State, the Law, the citizens and the police agencies, four inseparable actors. Law restrictions on police organizations and the citizens fundamental rights were never in balance: the first ones thought they had few power, the second ones understood the same ones had too much power. I tried an exempt approach. I could tend to tip the scale to one side because, as operational, I did not like finding "obstacles" at work. The State guaranteed freedom and security of citizens: transferred powers to the institutions. Here the problem emerged because there were always men who could never have power. Our monarchs delayed Portuguese juridical history because they elaborated and compiled belatedly the laws. The first census was in 1864 and the first identity card issued in 1914.
This study covered, in a synthetic and pragmatic way, the main laws on the general system of identification and the difficulties of police action. The State, the Law, the citizens and the police agencies, four inseparable actors. Law restrictions on police organizations and the citizens fundamental rights were never in balance: the first ones thought they had few power, the second ones understood the same ones had too much power. I tried an exempt approach. I could tend to tip the scale to one side because, as operational, I did not like finding "obstacles" at work. The State guaranteed freedom and security of citizens: transferred powers to the institutions. Here the problem emerged because there were always men who could never have power. Our monarchs delayed Portuguese juridical history because they elaborated and compiled belatedly the laws. The first census was in 1864 and the first identity card issued in 1914.
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Keywords
Cidadão Estado Lei Polícia Suspeitos