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Helmintoses Intestinais de Cão e Gato na Cidade de Matosinhos
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Resumo(s)
As helmintoses intestinais que afetam cães e gatos desempenham um papel significativo devido à sua
ampla distribuição mundial e ao impacto que representam. Na Saúde Pública, estas parasitoses estão
associadas a zoonoses que podem causar diversas doenças em seres humanos, especialmente em
populações vulneráveis, como crianças, idosos e indivíduos imunossuprimidos. Além disso, a
contaminação ambiental por ovos e larvas de parasitas em espaços públicos, como parques e jardins,
intensifica o risco de transmissão, representando um desafio sanitário.
No que respeita aos próprios animais, estas infeções comprometem diretamente o bem-estar e a
qualidade de vida, provocando sintomas como perda de peso, anemia, diarreia, vómitos e, em casos
graves, obstruções intestinais ou mesmo a morte. O impacto é ainda mais significativo em animais
jovens, debilitados ou não tratados, aumentando a sua vulnerabilidade a outras doenças.
Este estudo analisa a prevalência de helmintes intestinais e avalia, através de um inquérito realizado
junto dos tutores, os hábitos e cuidados dispensados aos animais que foram atendidos em um Hospital
Veterinário situado na Cidade de Matosinhos (Porto). No Norte de Portugal, em especial na Cidade de
Matosinhos, não existem estudos sobre helmintoses intestinais em cães e gatos em Clínicas e Hospitais
Veterinários.
Para este estudo, foi escolhido o método de flutuação de Willis, tendo a vantagem de ser relativamente
barato, podendo ser realizado nas dependências do próprio Hospital e não invasivo para os animais.
Um total de 90 cães e 30 gatos foi avaliado quanto à presença de helmintoses intestinais durante um
período de 4 meses. A percentagem global de animais positivos para helmintose intestinal foi de 6,2%.
Os helmintes mais comuns detetados no grupo canino foram os Ancilostomídeos (5,6%) e Toxocara
canis (1,1%). Desses parasitas detetados, Toxocara canis representa o maior risco zoonótico. Em
relação aos felinos foi encontrado um total de 2,5% (1/40) animais parasitados por Toxocara cati.
Os resultados podem indicar um risco zoonótico, especialmente no caso de Toxocara canis e Toxocara
cati. Grande parte da população de cães e gatos deste estudo frequenta regularmente o hospital
veterinário, mas a ocorrência de parasitas intestinais evidencia a necessidade de controlos parasitários
mais eficazes, exames fecais regulares e a remoção das fezes do solo, em prol da saúde pública e
animal.
Intestinal helminths affecting dogs and cats play a significant role due to their wide worldwide distribution and the impact they represent. In Public Health, these parasitic diseases are associated with zoonoses that can cause various diseases in humans, especially in vulnerable populations, such as children, the elderly and immunosuppressed individuals. Furthermore, environmental contamination by parasite eggs and larvae in public spaces, such as parks and gardens, intensifies the risk of transmission, representing a health challenge. In relation to the animals themselves, these infections directly compromise their well-being and quality of life, causing symptoms such as weight loss, anemia, diarrhea, vomiting and, in severe cases, intestinal obstructions or even death. The impact is even more significant in young, weakened or untreated animals, increasing their vulnerability to other diseases. This study analyzes the prevalence of intestinal helminths and evaluates, through a survey carried out with guardians, the habits and care given to animals that were treated at a Veterinary Hospital located in the City of Matosinhos (Porto). In the North of Portugal, especially in the City of Matosinhos, there are no studies on intestinal helminths in dogs and cats in Veterinary Clinics and Hospitals. For this study, the Willis flotation method was chosen, which has the advantage of being relatively cheap, can be performed on the Hospital's own premises and is non-invasive for the animals. A total of 90 dogs and 30 cats were evaluated for the presence of intestinal helminths over a 4-month period. The overall percentage of animals positive for intestinal helminthiasis was 6.2%. The most common helminths detected in the canine group were Hookworms (5.6%) and Toxocara canis (1.1%). Of these parasites detected, Toxocara canisrepresents the greatest zoonotic risk. In relation to felines, a total of 2.5% (1/40) animals were found to be parasitized by Toxocara cati. The results may indicate a zoonotic risk, especially in the case of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. A large proportion of the dog and cat population in this study regularly attends the veterinary hospital, but the occurrence of intestinal parasites highlights the need for more effective parasite controls, regular fecal examinations and the removal of feces from the soil, for the benefit of public and animal health.
Intestinal helminths affecting dogs and cats play a significant role due to their wide worldwide distribution and the impact they represent. In Public Health, these parasitic diseases are associated with zoonoses that can cause various diseases in humans, especially in vulnerable populations, such as children, the elderly and immunosuppressed individuals. Furthermore, environmental contamination by parasite eggs and larvae in public spaces, such as parks and gardens, intensifies the risk of transmission, representing a health challenge. In relation to the animals themselves, these infections directly compromise their well-being and quality of life, causing symptoms such as weight loss, anemia, diarrhea, vomiting and, in severe cases, intestinal obstructions or even death. The impact is even more significant in young, weakened or untreated animals, increasing their vulnerability to other diseases. This study analyzes the prevalence of intestinal helminths and evaluates, through a survey carried out with guardians, the habits and care given to animals that were treated at a Veterinary Hospital located in the City of Matosinhos (Porto). In the North of Portugal, especially in the City of Matosinhos, there are no studies on intestinal helminths in dogs and cats in Veterinary Clinics and Hospitals. For this study, the Willis flotation method was chosen, which has the advantage of being relatively cheap, can be performed on the Hospital's own premises and is non-invasive for the animals. A total of 90 dogs and 30 cats were evaluated for the presence of intestinal helminths over a 4-month period. The overall percentage of animals positive for intestinal helminthiasis was 6.2%. The most common helminths detected in the canine group were Hookworms (5.6%) and Toxocara canis (1.1%). Of these parasites detected, Toxocara canisrepresents the greatest zoonotic risk. In relation to felines, a total of 2.5% (1/40) animals were found to be parasitized by Toxocara cati. The results may indicate a zoonotic risk, especially in the case of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. A large proportion of the dog and cat population in this study regularly attends the veterinary hospital, but the occurrence of intestinal parasites highlights the need for more effective parasite controls, regular fecal examinations and the removal of feces from the soil, for the benefit of public and animal health.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cão Gato Helmintose intestinal Matosinhos Zoonose Dog Cat Intestinal helminthiasis Zoonosis