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O fenómeno das novas substancias psicoactivas lícitas
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A rápida detecção de novas substâncias psicoactivas, combinada com o seu estudo em profundidade de modo a caracterizá-las em termos toxicológicos, farmacológicos e forenses, para uma posterior inclusão no leque das substâncias proibidas, tem-se revelado um dos grandes desafios para as políticas adoptados internacionalmente contra o tráfico ilícito de drogas. No contexto da União Europeia, no qual Portugal está inserido, os mecanismos criados para fazer face ao aparecimento de novas substâncias não têm conseguido dar uma resposta adequada a esta nova realidade, cingindo-se praticamente à mera identificação e difusão de informação, não garantindo uma resposta uníssona entre os vários Estados-Membros.
Por estas substâncias psicoactivas não serem consideradas à partida como ilegais, têm-se difundido a sua comercialização na internet, expondo o consumidor a riscos desconhecidos. Mais recentemente, estas novas substâncias psicoactivas lícitas têm surgido na composição de drogas ditas legais, que se apresentam na forma de incensos de ervas, fertilizantes para plantas, psicadélicos e extractos naturais, sendo agora também vendidas em lojas de rua, designadas de smartshops, totalmente licenciadas pelo Estado. No nosso país, este mercado alternativo de drogas tem crescido imenso nos últimos anos, podendo estarem-se a efectivar mudanças no perfil e nos hábitos do consumidor tradicional de drogas. Assim sobre esta temática, desenvolveu-se um estudo de carácter exploratório ao consumo de novas drogas legais no concelho de Lisboa, tendo-se aplicado um inquérito a uma amostra não-probabilística de 72 participantes consumidores destas drogas.
The quick detection of new psychoactives substances, combined with a deep study, in ways to allow us the characterization in toxilogical, pharmacological and forensic terms, for a future inclusion in the prohibited substances, has revealed itself one of the biggest challenges in the international politics against the illicit drug traffic. In the EU and, consequently, in Portugal, the existing mechanisms to fight the arising of new substances have revealed themselves powerless before this new reality. They are confined to simply identify and spread the information, wich doesn’t insure from all state members a common single answer. Because these psychoactives substances, generally, are not considered ilegal, its commercialization has been spread in the internet, exposing the consumer to unknown risks. More recently, these new licit psychoactives substances have emerged in the opus/composition of “legal” drugs, which are presented as herbal incenses, plant feeders, psychedelics and natural extracts that are now ready for sale in streets shops, more specifically the smartshops, that are fully licensed by the state. In our country this alternative market has increased a lot the recent years, causing changes on the profile and habits of the traditional drug consumer. On this topic, a field study about the new legal drugs use in Lisbon city was developed, inquiring a non-expected sample of 72 consumers on these drugs.
The quick detection of new psychoactives substances, combined with a deep study, in ways to allow us the characterization in toxilogical, pharmacological and forensic terms, for a future inclusion in the prohibited substances, has revealed itself one of the biggest challenges in the international politics against the illicit drug traffic. In the EU and, consequently, in Portugal, the existing mechanisms to fight the arising of new substances have revealed themselves powerless before this new reality. They are confined to simply identify and spread the information, wich doesn’t insure from all state members a common single answer. Because these psychoactives substances, generally, are not considered ilegal, its commercialization has been spread in the internet, exposing the consumer to unknown risks. More recently, these new licit psychoactives substances have emerged in the opus/composition of “legal” drugs, which are presented as herbal incenses, plant feeders, psychedelics and natural extracts that are now ready for sale in streets shops, more specifically the smartshops, that are fully licensed by the state. In our country this alternative market has increased a lot the recent years, causing changes on the profile and habits of the traditional drug consumer. On this topic, a field study about the new legal drugs use in Lisbon city was developed, inquiring a non-expected sample of 72 consumers on these drugs.
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substâncias psicoativas lícitas novas drogas legais smartshops consumidor