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Caracterização do acesso lexical em crianças com PEDL
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Abstract(s)
Este estudo tem como objectivo descrever características relacionadas com as competências de
acesso lexical das crianças com PEDL. Para testar estas competências foram usadas tarefas de
nomeação de imagens e reconto da descrição.
Na tarefa de nomeação utilizaram-se 42 imagens do TFF-ALPE (Mendes et al, 2009) para
identificar, em cada resposta, o perfil tempo/precisão e as imprecisões ocorridas. No reconto da
descrição utilizaram-se quatro segmentos de imagem, apresentados um a um e acompanhados de
um relato previamente elaborado, para identificar a produtividade e as imprecisões ocorridas.
Participaram no estudo 31 crianças com PEDL de idades compreendidas entre 4 anos e 8 anos e
11 meses.
Utilizaram-se critérios de caracterização do acesso lexical adaptados dos estudos de McGregor
(1998) e German (2000;2007) e compreenderam para a nomeação quatro tipos de perfil de
resposta; RP (Rápido e Preciso), RI (Rápido e Impreciso), LP (Lento e Preciso) e LI (Lento e
Impreciso) e ainda quatro tipos de imprecisão; Semânticas, Fonológicas, Não relacionadas com a palavra
e Características secundárias. Para o reconto da descrição, procuraram-se características relacionadas
com a produtividade: número total de palavras, de nomes e verbos diferentes; e três tipos de
imprecisões: Substituição de palavras, Comportamentos de procura e Características secundárias.
Verificou-se, em ambas as tarefas, uma maior competência das crianças mais velhas, sobretudo
na rapidez de nomeação. Relativamente às imprecisões, as mais frequentes foram as não
relacionadas com a palavra. No caso das imprecisões relacionadas com a palavra, surgiram mais
parafasias semânticas do que fonológicas.
Relativamente a características divergentes nas tarefas, verificou-se, na nomeação, maior número
de imprecisões semânticas e os comportamentos de procura foram sobretudo expressões de procura de
palavra. No reconto da descrição, os comportamentos de procura de palavra foram essencialmente as
pausas.
As tarefas de nomeação de imagens e reconto da descrição permitem identificar falhas no acesso
lexical e sinalizar possíveis casos de PEDL. A tipologia de comportamentos é reveladora da
ruptura no processamento e ajuda a compreender a natureza e organização lexical facilitando a intervenção
Abstract: This study aims to describe characteristics of lexical access of children with SLI (Specific Language Impairment). To encourage access to the lexicon, naming tasks and picture description were proposed. For the naming task 42 pictures from the TFF-ALPE (Mendes et al, 2009) were used to identify the profile of each response in relation to time/accuracy and inaccuracies which occurred. In the retelling picture description four images were used, presented one at a time and accompanied by a description prepared in advance, to identify the productivity and the inaccuracies. The study involved 31 children with SLI, aged between 4 and 8 years and 11 months, grouped in five age groups. The criteria for characterization of the profile of lexicon access were adapted from studies of McGregor (1998) and German (2000, 2007). Four types of response profile were identified RP (Fast and Accurate), RI (Fast and Inaccurate), LP (Slow and Accurate) and LI (Slow and Inaccurate) and also four types of inaccuracies; Semantic, Phonological, Not related to the word and Secondary features. For the retelling of the description, the productivity, total number of words, nouns and verbs, in addition to three types of inaccuracies; substitution of words, behaviors demand and secondary features were identified. Results showed in both tasks, a better performance in older children, especially in naming rapidity. As for inaccuracies, the most frequent were the ones not related to the word. Data related to inaccuracies showed more semantic than phonological paraphasias. Relatively to the divergent features in the tasks the results showed more semantic inaccuraciesand word searching expressions in searching behaviors. The task of naming pictures and retelling the description identified failures in lexical access and flag possible cases of SLI, as well as understanding the nature and lexical organization facilitating the intervention.
Abstract: This study aims to describe characteristics of lexical access of children with SLI (Specific Language Impairment). To encourage access to the lexicon, naming tasks and picture description were proposed. For the naming task 42 pictures from the TFF-ALPE (Mendes et al, 2009) were used to identify the profile of each response in relation to time/accuracy and inaccuracies which occurred. In the retelling picture description four images were used, presented one at a time and accompanied by a description prepared in advance, to identify the productivity and the inaccuracies. The study involved 31 children with SLI, aged between 4 and 8 years and 11 months, grouped in five age groups. The criteria for characterization of the profile of lexicon access were adapted from studies of McGregor (1998) and German (2000, 2007). Four types of response profile were identified RP (Fast and Accurate), RI (Fast and Inaccurate), LP (Slow and Accurate) and LI (Slow and Inaccurate) and also four types of inaccuracies; Semantic, Phonological, Not related to the word and Secondary features. For the retelling of the description, the productivity, total number of words, nouns and verbs, in addition to three types of inaccuracies; substitution of words, behaviors demand and secondary features were identified. Results showed in both tasks, a better performance in older children, especially in naming rapidity. As for inaccuracies, the most frequent were the ones not related to the word. Data related to inaccuracies showed more semantic than phonological paraphasias. Relatively to the divergent features in the tasks the results showed more semantic inaccuraciesand word searching expressions in searching behaviors. The task of naming pictures and retelling the description identified failures in lexical access and flag possible cases of SLI, as well as understanding the nature and lexical organization facilitating the intervention.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em desenvolvimento e Perturbações da Linguagem na Criança- área de especialização em Terapia da Fala e Perturbações da Linguagem
Keywords
Perturbação Específica do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem Acesso Lexical Caracterização Nomeação de Imagens Reconto da Descrição Specific Language Impairment Lexical Accesses Characterization Naming Pictures Recall the Description
Citation
Publisher
Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal