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Este trabalho analisa a adequação do dispositivo de Adidos de Defesa português face à atual conjuntura estratégica internacional, marcada por novas ameaças, conflitos e reconfigurações geopolíticas. O objetivo principal consiste em propor contributos para a atualização deste dispositivo, assegurando a sua coerência com os interesses e os compromissos internacionais de Portugal. Recorreu-se a uma metodologia qualitativa e indutiva, com análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas a decisores e especialistas nacionais e a Adidos de Defesa estrangeiros. A investigação centrou-se na análise da legislação enquadrante e na comparação dos critérios de implementação dos dispositivos de Adidos de Defesa em cinco países europeus: Alemanha, Espanha, França, Portugal e Reino Unido. Os resultados revelam que o dispositivo português, embora tenha sido atualizado em 2023, continua ancorado em diretivas estratégicas desatualizadas e adota critérios pouco flexíveis, como a reciprocidade diplomática. Em contraste, os países analisados aplicam modelos mais dinâmicos e ajustados à sua conjuntura. A proposta final inclui a criação de novos postos de Adidos de Defesa, numa lógica de implementação baseada no interesse estratégico, na promoção da Economia de Defesa e no apoio às comunidades portuguesas. Conclui-se que Portugal beneficiaria de um dispositivo mais adaptativo, com revisões periódicas e especialização funcional em diplomacia militar.
This study analyses the appropriateness of the Portuguese Defence Attaché system in light of the current international strategic environment, which is marked by new threats, conflicts and geopolitical reconfigurations. The main objective is to propose contributions for updating this system, ensuring its consistency with Portugal's national interests and international commitments. A qualitative and inductive methodology was used, along with documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews to national decision-makers and experts and to foreign Defence Attachés. The research was focused on analysing the legal framework and comparing the implementation criteria of the Defence Attaché systems in five European countries: Germany, Spain, France, Portugal and the United Kingdom. The results reveal that the Portuguese mechanism, although updated in 2023, remains anchored in outdated strategic guidelines and adopts inflexible criteria, such as diplomatic reciprocity. In contrast, the analysed countries apply higher dynamic models which are better suited to their circumstances. The final proposal includes the establishment of new Defence Attaché posts, along with an updated implementation model based on the strategic interest, the promotion of the defence economy and the support to the Portuguese communities. It is concluded that Portugal would benefit from improved adaptive mechanism which should be frequently revised along with a functional specialisation in military diplomacy.
This study analyses the appropriateness of the Portuguese Defence Attaché system in light of the current international strategic environment, which is marked by new threats, conflicts and geopolitical reconfigurations. The main objective is to propose contributions for updating this system, ensuring its consistency with Portugal's national interests and international commitments. A qualitative and inductive methodology was used, along with documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews to national decision-makers and experts and to foreign Defence Attachés. The research was focused on analysing the legal framework and comparing the implementation criteria of the Defence Attaché systems in five European countries: Germany, Spain, France, Portugal and the United Kingdom. The results reveal that the Portuguese mechanism, although updated in 2023, remains anchored in outdated strategic guidelines and adopts inflexible criteria, such as diplomatic reciprocity. In contrast, the analysed countries apply higher dynamic models which are better suited to their circumstances. The final proposal includes the establishment of new Defence Attaché posts, along with an updated implementation model based on the strategic interest, the promotion of the defence economy and the support to the Portuguese communities. It is concluded that Portugal would benefit from improved adaptive mechanism which should be frequently revised along with a functional specialisation in military diplomacy.
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