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A síndrome de burnout: um estudo numa amostra de cuidadores formais de idosos
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| 2.41 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O trabalho realizado pelos Cuidadores Formais de Idosos não é fácil, a prestação
de cuidados exige um esforço contínuo a nível cognitivo, emocional e físico, que leva,
muitas vezes a um estado de fadiga física e mental designado de burnout.
Segundo Maslach e Jackson (1997) o burnout é definido de acordo com três
dimensões: exaustão emocional, despersonalização e realização pessoal.
O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a síndrome burnout nos Cuidadores Formais
de Idosos e a relação das variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais com esta
síndrome.
A metodologia utilizada neste estudo é do tipo descritivo e correlacional,
utilizando-se uma amostra constituída por 66 Cuidadores Formais de Idosos de três
Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social de Setúbal.
Os instrumentos utilizados neste estudo foram o Maslach Burnout Inventory
Human Services Survey (MBI- HSS) para avaliar o burnout de Maslach et al. (1996) e
um conjunto de questões para avaliar as variáveis sociodemográficos e profissionais.
Os resultados obtidos neste estudo revelam que os Cuidadores Formais de
Idosos não apresentam níveis significativos de burnout. Quanto à relação da síndrome
de burnout com as variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais verifica-se que os
profissionais com maior exaustão emocional são os com os que sofrem de problemas
de saúde, que prestam cuidados internos na Instituição e que têm contrato a termo. O
inverso aplica-se aos profissionais com grau de habilitações académicas superiores,
que apresentam menor exaustão emocional. Os profissionais que apresentam maior
despersonalização são os que trabalham mais horas na Instituição, que sofrem de
problemas de saúde, que prestam cuidados internos na Instituição, que estiveram de
baixa nos últimos 6 meses, que têm contrato a termo e de prestação de serviços. O
inverso aplica-se aos profissionais com maior satisfação no trabalho e com grau de
habilitações académicas superiores, que apresentam menor despersonalização, que
apresentam menor despersonalização. Verifica-se ainda que os profissionais que
apresentam maior realização pessoal foram os que estiveram de baixa nos últimos 6
meses.A prevenção das causas que levam ao burnout é vantajosa não só para o
indivíduo como para a organização, pois leva a melhores condições de trabalho, ao
bem-estar dos indivíduos e ao sucesso da Instituição.
The work performed by the Elderly Caregivers is not easy, the provision of care requires a continuous effort at a cognitive, emotional, and physical level, which often leads to a state of physical and mental fatigue called burnout. According to Maslach and Jackson (1997), burnout is defined according to three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal fulfillment. The aim of this study is to analyze the burnout syndrome in Elderly Caregivers and its relationship with sociodemographic and professional variables. The methodology used in this study is descriptive and correlational, using a sam ple composed of 66 Elderly Caregivers from three Private Institutions of Social Solidarity in Setúbal. The instruments used in this study were the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI- HSS) by Maslach et al. (1996) and a set of questions to assess /sociodemographic and professional variables. With the results obtained in this study, it was found that the Elderly Caregivers don´t present significant levels of burnout. Regarding the relationship between burnout syndrome and the sociodemo graphic and professional variables, the caregivers with higher level of emotional exhaus tion are those higher academic qualifications, those who suffer from health problems, those who provide internal care in the Institution and those with fixed terms contracts. The elderly caregivers with higher depersonalization are those with the greatest number of daily working hours ate the Institution, those who suffer from health problems, those who provide internal care in the Institution, those who were in medical capacity in the last 6 months and those whit fixed term contracts in provision services. The opposite happens with the professionals with greater job satisfaction, that show less depersonalization. Finally, the results show caregivers with greater job satisfaction were those in medical incapacity in the last 6 months. Prevention of causes of burnout is useful both to individual and to the Institution because brings better work conditions and better well-being for the individuals and to the success of the Institution
The work performed by the Elderly Caregivers is not easy, the provision of care requires a continuous effort at a cognitive, emotional, and physical level, which often leads to a state of physical and mental fatigue called burnout. According to Maslach and Jackson (1997), burnout is defined according to three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal fulfillment. The aim of this study is to analyze the burnout syndrome in Elderly Caregivers and its relationship with sociodemographic and professional variables. The methodology used in this study is descriptive and correlational, using a sam ple composed of 66 Elderly Caregivers from three Private Institutions of Social Solidarity in Setúbal. The instruments used in this study were the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI- HSS) by Maslach et al. (1996) and a set of questions to assess /sociodemographic and professional variables. With the results obtained in this study, it was found that the Elderly Caregivers don´t present significant levels of burnout. Regarding the relationship between burnout syndrome and the sociodemo graphic and professional variables, the caregivers with higher level of emotional exhaus tion are those higher academic qualifications, those who suffer from health problems, those who provide internal care in the Institution and those with fixed terms contracts. The elderly caregivers with higher depersonalization are those with the greatest number of daily working hours ate the Institution, those who suffer from health problems, those who provide internal care in the Institution, those who were in medical capacity in the last 6 months and those whit fixed term contracts in provision services. The opposite happens with the professionals with greater job satisfaction, that show less depersonalization. Finally, the results show caregivers with greater job satisfaction were those in medical incapacity in the last 6 months. Prevention of causes of burnout is useful both to individual and to the Institution because brings better work conditions and better well-being for the individuals and to the success of the Institution
Description
Keywords
Síndrome de burnout Variáveis sociodemográficas Variáveis profissionais Cuidadores Formais de Idosos Burnout Syndrome Sociodemographic variables Professional variables Elderly Caregivers